Database : HANSEN Search on : HANSENIASE [Subject descriptor] References found : 15436 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 20   in format [Detailed]

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Id: 19952 Author: Anon. Title: Special grantors and sustaining members. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):303-303, Jun. 1997. . Descriptors: Hanseníase/clas Hanseníase/hist Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19951 Author: Anon. Title: Current literature. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):271-302, Jun. 1997. . Descriptors: Hanseníase/clas Hanseníase/diag Hanseníase/epidemiol Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19950 Author: Anon. Title: News and notes. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):268-270, Jun. 1997. . Descriptors: Hanseníase/clas Hanseníase/hist Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19949 Author: Pecoraro, Vicente; Mercau, Augusto R. Title: Homage to José Maria Fernández, M. D. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):266-267, Jun. 1997. . Descriptors: Hanseníase/clas Hanseníase/hist Limits: Humanos Masculino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19948 Author: Ganapati, R; Pai, V. V; Shroff, H. J; Gandewar, Kailas. Title: Rate of decline in bacterial index in leprosy; observations after three different chemotherapeutic interventions. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):264-266, Jun. 1997. tab, graf. Descriptors: Hanseníase Dimorfa/quimioter Hanseníase Dimorfa/microbiol Hanseníase Virchowiana/quimioter Hanseníase Virchowiana/microbiol Rifampina/uso terap Ofloxacino/uso terap Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19947 Author: Pavithran, K; Satish, T. C. Title: Dapsone-induced motor polyneuropathy in a patient with leprosy. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):262-263, Jun. 1997. . Descriptors: Hanseníase Dimorfa/quimioter Dapsona/ef adv Dapsona/uso terap Doença dos Neurônios Motores/ind quim Doença dos Neurônios Motores/diag Limits: Humanos Masculino Feminino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19946 Author: Scollard, David M; Lathrop, George W; Truman, Richard W. Title: Drs. Scollard, lathrop and truman reply. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):261-262, Jun. 1997. . Descriptors: Hanseníase/clas Hanseníase/hist Limits: Humanos Masculino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19944 Author: Nishioka, Sergio de A. Title: Acute renal failure and multidrug therapy for leprosy. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):259-260, Jun. 1997. . Descriptors: Hanseníase/quimioter Hanseníase/prev Falência Renal Aguda/ind quim Falência Renal Aguda/epidemiol Falência Renal Aguda/etiol Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19943 Author: Cunha, Maria da Graça S; Schettini, Antonio P. M; Pedrosa, Valderiza L; Cruz, Rossilene C. S; Sadahiro, Megumi. Title: Regarding Brasil, et al. 's adverse effects in leprosy's WHO/MDT and paramedic's role in Leprosy Control Program. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):257-259, Jun. 1997. tab. Descriptors: Hanseníase/quimioter Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/prev Organização Mundial da Saúde - Brasil/epidemiol Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19942 Author: Toral, Esteban Moreno; Diaz, M. Teresa Lopez. Title: The influence of the San Lazaro Hospital of Seville in the creation and management techniques of the "Lazaretto" Hospitals in the Americas. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):252-256, Jun. 1997. . Abstract: The San Lazaro Hospital of Seville that was established in the middle of the 13th century was one of the most important in Spain and Europe throughout nearly eight centuries in terms of caring for leprosy patients. In the 1930s the exclusive treatment of leprosy patients ceased and San Lazaro became a general hospital. The Spanish Crown (Alfonso X) accorded certain privileges and rules to the hospital which also were conferred by subsequent monarchs. These rules and ordinances contributed to the establishment and functioning of many lazarettos throughout the Americas of which we have documentation, notably those of Santo Domingo, Tlaxplana (Mexico City), Lima, Cartagena de Incias, La Habana, and Yucatan. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/hist Hanseníase/terap Hospitais de Dermatologia Sanitária de Patologia Tropical/hist Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19941 Author: Pandya, Shubhada S. Title: An anatomist in leprosyland. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):246-251, Jun. 1997. ilus, tab. Descriptors: Hanseníase/hist Hanseníase/patol Nervos Periféricos/patol Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19940 Author: Li, Huan-Ying; Hu, Lu-Fang; Huang, Wan-Biao; Liu, Guo-Cai; Yuan, Lian-Chao; Jin, Zheng; Li, Xiong; Li, Jin-Lan; Yang, Zhong-Min. Title: Risk of relapse in leprosy after fixed-duration multidrug therapy. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):238-245, Jun. 1997. tab, mapas. Abstract: Between 1986 and 1995, 8307 leprosy patients have completed fixed-duration multidrug therapy (FD-MDT) and were followed annually for possible relapse. The mean relapse rate for multibacillary (MB) leprosy is 0.15/1000 person-years (py) and for paucibacillary (PB) 0.55/1000 py. There is no difference in the relapse rates between patients with or without chemotherapy before FD-MDT. In MB patients, the five relapses occurred between 4 and 7 years; in PB patients, five relapses occurred at 4-5 years after FD-MDT. Six additional PB relapses self-reported 1-4 years after the 5-year surveillance period and were not included in the relapse rates. Most PB patients relapsed into MB due to wrong classification and insufficient therapy. For the known 62 irregular MB patients the cumulative relapse rate is 6.5%. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/quimioter Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/prev Quimioterapia Combinada Limits: Humanos Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19939 Author: Li, Huan-Ying; Hu, Lu-Fang; Wu, Pei-Wei; Luo, Jiu-Si; Liu, Xue-Ming. Title: Fixed-duration multidrug therapy in multibacillary leprosy. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):230-237, Jun. 1997. tab, mapas. Abstract: Six-hundred-fifty-seven active multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients were put on fixed-duration multidrug therapy (FD-MDT) between 1985 and 1992 (190 had had no and 235 had had previous treatment with dapsone) and were followed for 5 years after therapy. Two relapses occurred during year 5 of surveillance and both had received dapsone prior to chemotherapy, giving an overall relapse rate of 0.08/100 person-years (py). Excluding the two relapses, 99.4% of the MB patients converted to smear negativity at year 6 after a regular course of FD-MDT. The relapse rate for 35 MB patients with an initial bacterial index (BI) of > 4 with 5 years of surveillance was 0.24/100 py. Reactions occurred more frequently during the first 6 months of MDT, decreasing gradually thereafter, and reaching 0 in year 4 of surveillance. The deformity rate at intake was 22.7% and only 1.8% of MB patients developed new deformities or an increased grade in deformity during therapy. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/quimioter Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/prev Quimioterapia Combinada Limits: Humanos Masculino Feminino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19938 Author: Mane, Ibrahima; Cartel, Jean-Louis; Grosset, Jacques-Henri. Title: Field trial on efficacy of supervised monthly dose of 600mg rifampin, 400mg ofloxacin and 100mg minocycline for the treatment of leprosy; first results. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):224-229, Jun. 1997. tab. Abstract: In 1995, a field trial was implemented in Senegal in order to evaluate the efficacy of a regimen based on the monthly supervised intake of rifampin 600 mg, ofloxacin 400 mg and minocycline 100 mg to treat leprosy. During the first year of the trial, 220 patients with active leprosy (newly detected or relapsing after dapsone monotherapy) were recruited: 102 paucibacillary (PB) (60 males and 42 females) and 118 multibacillary (MB) (71 males and 47 females). All of them accepted the new treatment (none requested to be preferably put under standard WHO/MDT), no clinical sign which could be considered as a toxic effect of the drug was noted, and none of the patients refused to continue treatment because of any clinical trouble. The compliance was excellent: the 113 patients (PB and MB) detected during the first 6 months of the trial have taken six monthly doses in 6 months, as planned. The rate of clearance and the progressive decrease of cutaneous lesions was satisfactory. Although it is too soon to give comprehensive results, it should be noted that no treatment failure was observed in the 56 PB patients who have completed treatment and have been followed up for 6 months. The long-term efficacy of the new regimen is to be evaluated on the rate of relapse during the years following the cessation of treatment. If that relapse rate is acceptable (similar to that observed in patients after treatment with current standard WHO/ MDT), the new regimen could be a solution to treat, for instance, patients very irregular and/or living in remote or inaccessible areas since no selection of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium leprae should be possible (a monthly dose of ofloxacin and minocycline being as effective as a dose of dapsone and clofazimine taken daily for 1 month). Nevertheless, until longer term results of this and other trials become available, there is no justification for any change in the treatment strategy, and all leprosy patients should be put under standard WHO/MDT. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/quimioter Rifampina/admin Rifampina/ef adv Rifampina/uso terap Ofloxacino/admin Ofloxacino/ef adv Ofloxacino/uso terap Minociclina/admin Minociclina/ef adv Minociclina/uso terap Limits: Humanos Masculino Feminino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19937 Author: Saunderson, Paul R; Haile-Mariam, Negussie. Title: Monitoring steroid use in a field program; possible process indicators. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):217-223, Jun. 1997. tab. Abstract: Two new indicators are proposed in order to make the task of monitoring certain prevention of disability (POD) activities more straightforward. The indicators are very similar to the case detection rates and the cohort analyses already used in both leprosy and tuberculosis (TB) control; this makes them very simple to put into practice. Despite their simplicity, it is argued that these indicators can give important information about the implementation of POD activities in a routine field program and could, therefore, help in improving the quality of those services to patients. The indicators are the steroid start rate (SSR) and the steroid completion rate (SCR). A number of possible confounding factors have been looked at and they are not negligible. However, the case detection rates for new cases of leprosy and treatment completion rates for multidrug therapy (MDT) are subject to similar biases, which are well recognized and which have not detracted from the usefulness of these indicators in evaluating leprosy control activities. The POD indicators, if used with an awareness of the possible biases involved, can help to improve the quality of certain POD activities. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/compl Hanseníase/quimioter Hanseníase/prev Quimioterapia Combinada Limits: Humanos Masculino Feminino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19936 Author: Ponnighaus, Jorg M; Lienhardt, Christian; Lucas, Sebastian; Fine, Paul E. M; Sterne, Jonathan A. C. Title: Comparison of bacillary indexes in slit-skin smears, skin and nerve biopsies; a study from Malawi. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):211-216, Jun. 1997. tab, graf. Abstract: Data analyzed in this paper were collected within the framework of the Lepra Evaluation Project, an epidemiological study of leprosy in Karonga District, northern Malawi. For 212 patients information on the number of skin lesions, slit-skin smear and skin biopsy results were available. Among 61 patients with a single lesion none were slit-skin-smear positive and two had bacilli detected in skin biopsies. In contrast, among 119 patients with four or more lesions 34 (28.6%) versus 59 (49.6%) had bacilli detectable in slit-skin smears or skin biopsies, respectively. In a further 47 patients skin biopsy results could be compared with split-nerve biopsy results. In 20 of 47 patients the bacterial indexes (BIs) were identical in skin and nerve biopsies, while in 26 of 47 patients the BIs were higher in nerve than in skin biopsies. This difference, which is consistent with several other studies in the literature, provides an insight into the pathogenesis of leprosy. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/microbiol Mycobacterium leprae/isol Mycobacterium leprae/patogen Limits: Humanos Masculino Feminino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19935 Author: Broek, Jacques van den; Chum, Hamza J; Swai, Ronald; O´Brien, Richard J. Title: Association between leprosy and HIV infection Tanzania. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):203-210, Jun. 1997. tab, graf. Abstract: SETTING: An epidemiological study of the interaction of leprosy and HIV infection in Tanzania. OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of HIV infection among leprosy patients, and to measure the association of HIV and leprosy by comparing the HIV prevalence in leprosy patients and blood donors. DESIGN: Testing for HIV infection in consecutively diagnosed leprosy patients (new and relapsed after MDT) in all regions in Tanzania successively for a period of 3 to 6 months during 1991, 1992 and 1993. RESULTS: Out of the total estimated eligible leprosy patients, 697 patients (69%) entered the final analysis. The HIV prevalence among these leprosy patients was 12% (83/697) as compared to 6% (8960/ 158,971) in blood donors examined in Tanzania during the same period. There were no significant differences in HIV seroprevalence by age, sex, residence or type of disease. However, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of the presence of a BCG scar was 1.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-3.3] among HIV-positive leprosy cases compared to HIV-negative leprosy cases. Comparing leprosy cases with blood donors as controls, the logistic regression model, controlling for sex, age group and residence, showed the OR for HIV seropositivity among leprosy patients to be 2.5 (95% CI 2.0-3.2). This association existed in all strata, but was strongest in the 15-34-year age group. No difference of HIV status between multibacillary and paucibacillary leprosy could be shown to exist. The point estimate of the population attributable risk of HIV infection for leprosy was 7%. CONCLUSION: HIV infection is associated with leprosy and might reverse the epidemiological trend of the slow decline in case notification in Tanzania if HIV infection is increasing greatly. Previous BCG vaccination loses its protection against leprosy in the presence of HIV infection. A repeated study is recommended in order to validate these findings, whereby recording of the disability grading of the cases is necessary to adjust for delay in diagnosis. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/compl Hanseníase/epidemiol Anticorpos Anti-HIV/anal Infecções por HIV/compl Infecções por HIV/epidemiol Limits: Humanos Masculino Feminino Adolescente Adulto Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19934 Author: Roger, Michel; Levee, Geraldine; Chanteau, Suzanne; Gicquel, Brigitte; Schurr, Erwin. Title: No evidence for linkage between leprosy susceptibility and the human natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene in French Polynesia. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):197-202, Jun. 1997. tab. Abstract: In order to determine whether a human homolog (NRAMP1) to a murine candidate gene for resistance to mycobacteria influences susceptibility to human disease, we analyzed data from seven multicase leprosy families (84 individuals) from French Polynesia for linkage markers within the NRAMP1 gene and leprosy per se. Individual family members were typed at nine polymorphic loci within NRAMP1. In addition, three physically linked, polymorphic microsatellite markers-D2S104, D2S173 and D2S1471-were also typed. Linkage analyses were done using affected sibpair and LOD score methods employing different modes of inheritance with full and reduced penetrance. The results of this study strongly suggest that NRAMP1 is not linked to leprosy susceptibility in the French Polynesian families tested. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/genet Proteínas de Transporte/genet Proteínas de Membrana/genet Limits: Humanos Masculino Feminino Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19933 Author: Soebono, Haryanto; Giphart, Marius J; Schreuder, Geziena M. T; Klatser, Paul R; Vries, Rene R. P. de. Title: Associations between HLA-DRB1 alleles and leprosy in an Indonesian population. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):190-196, Jun. 1997. tab. Abstract: To investigate whether the susceptibility to leprosy (type), subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae and the antibody response against M. leprae-specific antigens are associated with HLA-DR phenotypes sequence-specific oligonucleotide HLA-DRB1 and DQA1 typing and antibody assays have been performed in 79 leprosy patients (41 TT/BT and 38 LL/BL) and 50 healthy controls from a Javanese population in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. DRB1*02 was associated with LL/BL [odds ratio (OR) 2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-9.78, p = 0.037 and attributable risk (AR) 41.5%] but not with TT/BT leprosy (p > 0.05). HLA-DRB1*12 was negatively associated with leprosy (either LL/BL or TT/BT [OR 0.33-0.35, p < 0.05, prevented fraction (PF) 58.8%-65.3%]. No significant association was found between HLA-DRB1 or DQA1 type, anti-M. leprae antibody level and subclinical infection with M. leprae. These data indicate that in this population susceptibility to lepromatous leprosy is associated with HLA-DRB1*02, while resistance to leprosy is associated with HLA-DRB1*12. These associations are not paralleled with associations of the same HLA types with anti-M. leprae antibody level. Finally, the results of this study also support the notion that infection with M. leprae per se is not associated with HLA-DRB1 or DQA1 alleles. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase Dimorfa/genet Hanseníase Virchowiana/genet Hanseníase Tuberculóide/genet Antígenos HLA-DQ/genet Antígenos HLA-DR/genet Location: BR191.1

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Id: 19932 Author: Klatser, Paul R; Janson, Anneke M; Thole, Jelle E. R; Buhrer, Samira; Bos, Corinne; Soebono, Hardyanto; Vries, Rene R. P. de. Title: Humoral and cellular immune reactivity to recombinant M. leprae antigens in HLA-Typed leprosy patients and healthy controls. Source: Int. J. Lepr;65(2):178-189, Jun. 1997. tab, graf. Abstract: In our search for Mycobacterium leprae antigens that might specifically induce immunity or immunopathology, we have tested both humoral and cellular immune reactivity against purified recombinant M. leprae antigens in 29 paucibacillary (PB), 26 multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients, and 47 matched healthy contacts. The following M. leprae antigens were tested: 2L-1 (65L-1, GroEl-1), 2L-2 (65L-2, GroEl-2), 4L (SoDA), 43L, 10L (B) and 25L (Sra). The individuals were also typed for HLAD-RB1 and DQB1 in order to see whether leprosy status and/or immune reactivity to these antigens might be associated with certain HLA types. We also tested sera from another 48 patients before, during and after multidrug therapy (MDT) to study the relationship between antibody reactivity to recombinant M. leprae antigens and MDT. Antibody titers to the four recombinant M. leprae antigens tested and to D-BSA were higher in MB patients compared to PB patients and healthy controls, and declined with treatment. From a diagnostic or monitoring point of view none of the recombinant antigens seemed to be an improvement over D-BSA, mainly due to the lower sensitivity. IgG subclasses were measured in positive sera of untreated patients. These were mainly of the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses, but subclass diversity was also observed and antigen dependent: all four subclasses could be detected against 10L (B), only IgG1 and IgG3 against 43L and only IgG1 against 25L and 2L-1. Cellular immune reactivity against the purified recombinant M. leprae antigens was measured in a lymphocyte stimulation test (LST). As for M. leprae, there was an inverse correlation between antibody and T-cell reactivity. However, the number of LST responders to recombinant antigens was much lower than to M. leprae. The 43L antigen was recognized most often (19%-24% of individuals tested) and more often than the 10L (B) antigen (10%-12%). No clear correlation was observed with leprosy type or protection and, in general, M. leprae nonresponders were also negative with recombinant antigens. Finally, we confirmed that HLA-DRB1*02 is associated with leprosy in this population, and we observed an association between DQB1*0601 and lepromatous leprosy. The number of positive individuals was too small to allow a meaningful analysis of the relationship between HLA type and immune reactivity. Although these data do not allow a conclusion as to one of these purified recombinant antigens being either protection or disease related, the antigen-dependent IgG subclass diversity warrants further study on antigen-specific qualitative differences in immune reactivity that may be relevant for the outcome of an infection with M. leprae. (AU)^ien. Descriptors: Hanseníase Dimorfa/sangue Hanseníase Dimorfa/imunol Hanseníase Virchowiana/sangue Hanseníase Virchowiana/imunol Hanseníase Tuberculóide/sangue Hanseníase Tuberculóide/imunol Location: BR191.1

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