Base de dados : HANSEN Pesquisa : GENETICA [Descritor de assunto] Referências encontradas : 87 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 20   no formato [Detalhado]

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Id: 25456 Autor: Jamieson, S. E; Miller, E. N; Black, G. F; Peacock, C. S; Cordel, H. J; Howson, J. M. M; Shaw, M. A; Burgner, D; Xu, W; Lins-Lainson, Z; Shaw, J. J; Ramos, F; Silveira, F; Blackwell, J. M Título: Evidence for cluster of genes on chromosome 17q11-q21 controlling susceptibility to tuberculosis and leprosy in Brazilians ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2004. 12 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The region of conserved synteny on mouse chromosome 11/human 17q11-q21 is known to carry a susceptibility gene(s) for intramacrophage pathogens. The region is rich in candidates including NOS2A, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1x, CCL4/mip-1b, CCL5/RANTES, CCR7, STAT3 and STAT5A/5B. To examine the region in man, we studied 92 multicase tuberculosis (627 individuals) and 72 multicase leprosy (372 individuals) families from Brazil. Multipoint nonparametric analysis (ALLEGRO) using 16 microsatallites shows two peaks of linkage for leprosy at D17S250 (Z score 2.34; P=0.01) and D17S1795 (Z 2.67; P=0.004) and a single peak for tuberculosis at D17S250 (Z 2.04; P=0.02). Combined analysis shows significant linkage genes contribute, 49 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms were typed in candidate genes. Family-based allelic associationtesting that was robust to family clustering demonstrated siginificant associations with tuberculosis susceptibility at four loci separated by intervals (NOS2A-8.4Mb-CCL18-32.3kb-CCL4-6.04 Mb-STAT5B) up to several Mb. Stepwise conditional logistic regression analysis using a case/pseudo-control data set showed that the four genes contributed separate main effects, consistent with a cluster of susceptibility genes across 17q11.2 (AU). Descritores: CROMOSSOMOS HUMANOS PAR 17/genet CROMOSSOMOS HUMANOS PAR 17/imunol PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/imunol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/metab MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS/genet MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS/imunol MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS/metab - HANSENIASE/genet  TUBERCULOSE/genet  BRASIL/etnol  BRASIL/epidemiol Limites: HUMANO ANIMAL Localização: BR191.1; 09314/s

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Id: 25455 Autor: Miller, E. N; Jamieson, S. E; Jobert, C; Fakiola, M; Peacock, C. S; Cordell, H. J; Shaw, M. A; Lins-Lainson, Z; Shaw, J. J; Ramos, F; Silveira, F; Blackwell, J. M Título: Genome-wide scans for leprosy and tuberculosis susceptibility genes in Brazilians ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2004. 5 p. tab, graf. Resumo: Genome-wide scans were conducted for tuberculosis and leprosy per se in Brazil. At stage 1,405 markers (10 cM map) were typed in 16 (178 individuals) tuberculosis and 21 (173 individuals) leprosy families. Nonparametric multipoint analysis detected 8 and 9 chromosomal regions respectively with provisional evidence (P<0.05) for linkage. A stage 2, 58 markers from positive regions were typed in a second set of 22 (176 individuals) tuberculosis families, with 22 additional markers types in all families; 42 positive markers in 50 (192 individuals) new leprosy families, and 30 additional markers in all families. Three regions (10q26.13, 11q12.3, 20p12.1) retained suggestive evidence (peak LOD scores 1.31, 1.78, 1.78; P=0.007, 0.0018, 0.0021) for linkage to tuberculosis, 3 regions (6p21.32, 17q22, 20p13) to leprosy (HLA-DQA, 3.23, P=5.8 x 10-5; D17S1868.2.38, P=0.0005; D20S889, 1.51, P=0.004). The peak at D20S889 for leprosy is 3.5 Mb distal to that reported at D20S115 for leprosy in India (AU). Descritores: PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS HANSENIASE/genet TUBERCULOSE/genet - MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/imunol  MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/metab  MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS/imunol  MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS/metab Localização: BR191.1; 09313/s

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Id: 25454 Autor: Malhotra, Dheeraj; Relhan, Vineet; Reddy, B. S. N; Bamezai, Ramesh Título: TLR2 Arg677rp polymorphism in leprosy: revisited ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2005. 3 p. ilus. Resumo: We investigated the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) Arg677Trp polymorphism, associated with lepromatous leprosy in the Korean population and shown to abrogaet TLR2-mediated signalling in response to mycobacterial ligands, in 286 Indian leprosy patients and 183 ethnically matched controls. The case-control comparison also involved investigation of possible variation(s) in the promoter region of the TLR2 gene. Genotyping results after direct PCR sequencing showed that the TLR2 Arg677Trp polymorphism associated with lepromatous leprosy in the Korean population is not a true polymorphism of the TLR2 gene and has resulted from the variation present in the 93% homologous duplicated region of TLR2 exon 3 present approximately 23 kb upstream (AU). Descritores: MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/imunol PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA/epidemiol PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA/etiol PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA/genet HANSENIASE/genet HANSENIASE/imunol HANSENIASE/microbiol - COREIA (GEOGRAFICO)/etnol  COREIA (GEOGRAFICO)/epidemiol Limites: HUMANO Localização: BR191.1; 09312/s

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Id: 25445 Autor: Monot, Marc; Honore, Nadine; Garnier, Thierry; Araoz, Romulo; Coppee, Jean-Yves; Lacroix, Celine; Sow, Samba; Spencer, John S; Truman, Richard W; Williams, Diana L; Gelber, Robert; Virmond, Marcos; Flageul, Beatrice; Cho, Sang-Nae; Ji, Baohong; Paniz-Mondolfi, Albertp; Convit, Jacinto; Young, Saroj; Fine, Paul E; Rasalofo, Voahangy; Brennan, Patrick J; Cole, Stewart T Título: On the origin of leprosy ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2005. 3 p. ilus, mapas, tab, graf. Resumo: Leprosy, a chronic human disease with potentially debilitating neurological consequences, results from infection with Mycobacterium leprae. This unculturable pathogen has undergone extensive reductive evolution, with half of its genome now occupied by pseudogenes. Using comparative genomics, we demonstrated that all extant cases of leprosy are attributable to a single clone whose dissemination wordwide can be retraced from analysis of very rare single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The disease seems to have originated in Easterm Africa or the Near East and spread with successive human migrations. Europeans or North Africans introduced leprosy into West Africa and the Americas within the past 500 years (AU). Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/genetica Mycobacterium leprae/patogenicidade - Hanseniase/etiologia  Hanseniase/historia Limites: IN VITRO Localização: BR191.1; 09308/s

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Id: 25112 Autor: Jamieson, S. E; Miller, E. N; Black, G. F; Peacock, C. S; Cordell, H. J; Howson, J. M. M; Shaw, M. A; Burgner, D; Xu, W; Lins-Lainson, Z; Shaw, J. J; Ramos, F; Silveira, F; Blackwell, J. M Título: Evidence for a cluster of genes on chromosome 17q11-q21 controlling susceptibility to tuberculosis and leprosy in Brazilians ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2004. 12 p. tab, graf. Resumo: The region of conserved synteny on mouse chromosome 11/human 17q11-q21 is known to carry a susceptibility gene(s) for intramacrophage pathogens. The region is rich in candidates including NOS2A, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1 alpha, CCL4/MIP-1 beta, CCL5/RANTES, CCR7, STAT5A/5B. To examine the region in man, we studied 92 multicase tuberculosis (627 individuals) and 72 multicase leprosy (372 indiciduals) families from Brazil. Multipoint nonparametric analysis (ALLEGRO) using 16 microsatellites shows two peaks of linkage for leprosy at D17S250 (Zir score 2.34; P=0.01) and D17S1795 (Zir 2.67; P=O.004) and a single peack for tuberculosis at D17S250 (Zir 2.04; P=0.02). Combined analysis shows significant linkage (peak Zir 3.38) at D17S250, equivalent to an allele sharing LOD score 2.48 (P=0.0004). To determine whether one or multiple genes contribute, 49 informative single nucleotide polymorphisms were typed in candidate genes. Family-based allelic association testing that was robust to family clustering demonstrated significant associations with tuberculosis susceptibility at four loci separated by intervals (NOS2A-8.4 Mb-CCL 18-32.3 kb-CCL4-6.04 Mb-STAT5B) up to several Mb. Stepwise conditional logistic regression analysis using a case/pseudo-control data set showed that the four genes contributed separate main effects, consistent with a cluster of susceptibilitty genes acros 17q11.2 (AU). Descritores: HANSENIASE/genet HANSENIASE/imunol TUBERCULOSE/genet TUBERCULOSE/imunol CROMOSSOMOS HUMANOS PAR 17/imunol CROMOSSOMOS HUMANOS PAR 21/imunol - GENETICA POPULACIONAL Limites: HUMANO Localização: BR191.1; 09196/s

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Id: 24546 Autor: Goldman, Lee; Bennet, J Claude Título: Cecil: tratado de medicina interna Cecil: treated to internal medicine-v.1 Fonte: Rio de Janeiro; Guanabara koogan; 2001. 1266 p. ilus, tab, graf. Descritores: MEDICINA INTERNA/instrum MEDICINA INTERNA/métodos MEDICINA INTERNA/tend GENETICA MÉDICA/instrum GENETICA MÉDICA/métodos GENETICA MÉDICA/tend CARDIOPATIAS/compl CARDIOPATIAS/diag CARDIOPATIAS/fisiopatol ONCOLOGIA/instrum ONCOLOGIA/métodos ONCOLOGIA/tend - DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS/compl  DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS/diag  DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS/fisiopatol  NEUROLOGIA/instrum  NEUROLOGIA/métodos  NEUROLOGIA/tend  DERMATOPATIAS/compl  DERMATOPATIAS/diag  DERMATOPATIAS/fisiopatol Limites: RELATO DE CASO ESTUDO COMPARATIVO HUMANO Localização: BR191.1; WB100, G569c

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Id: 24175 Autor: Beiguelman, Bernard. Título: Genetic polymorphic sistems and hanseniasis. Fonte: Hansen. int;6(2):107-108, dez. 1981. . Descritores: POLIMORFISMO (GENETICA)/fisiol HANSENIASE/genet HANSENIASE/fisiopatol Limites: ESTUDO COMPARATIVO HUMANO Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/hansenint/v01aov20/1981/PDF/v6n2/v6n2edteng.pdf - En. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 23973 Autor: Scollard, D. M; Adams, L. B; Gillis, T. P; Krahenbuhl, J. L; Truman, R. W; Williams, D. L Título: The continuing challenges of leprosy ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2006. 44 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: Leprosy is best understood as two conjoined diseases. The first is a chronic mycobacterial infection that elicits an extraordinary range of cellular immune responses in humans. The second is a peripheral neuropathy that is initiated by the infection and the accompanying immunological events. The infection is curable but not preventable, and leprosy remains a major global health problem, especially in the developing world, publicity to the contrary notwithstanding. Mycobacterium leprae remains noncultivable, and for over a century leprosy has presented major challenges in the fields of microbiology, pathology, immunology, and genetics; it continues to do so today. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of M. leprae and the host response to it, especially concerning molecular identification of M. leprae, knowledge of its genome, transcriptome, and proteome, its mechanisms of microbial resistance, and recognition of strains by variable-number tandem repeat analysis. Advances in experimental models include studies in gene knockout mice and the development of molecular techniques to explore the armadillo model. In clinical studies, notable progress has been made concerning the immunology and immunopathology of leprosy, the genetics of human resistance, mechanisms of nerve injury, and chemotherapy. In nearly all of these areas, however, leprosy remains poorly understood compared to other major bacterial diseases. (AU). Descritores: Antiinfecciosos/TU Proteínas de Bactérias/ME Vacinas Bacterianas Modelos Animais de Doenças Suscetibilidade à Doença/IM Resistência Bacteriana a Drogas Genes Bacterianos/GE Predisposição Genética para Doença Genoma Bacteriano Imunidade Celular Imunidade Natural/GE Hansenostáticos/PD/TU Hanseníase/*/DI/MI/TH Mycobacterium leprae/*/CH/DE/IP/PH Nervos Periféricos/MI Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/MI/PA Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Células de Schwann/IM/MI Limites: HUMANO ANIMAL CAMUNDONGOS SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Localização: BR191.1; 09365/S

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Id: 23198 Autor: Zhang, Liangfen; Budiawan, Teky; Matsuoka, Masanori Título: Diversity of potential short tandem repeats in Mycobacterium leprae and application for molecular typing ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; Oct. 2005. 9 p. tab. Resumo: A recent advance in molecular typing for tracing the transmission of leprosy is the discovery of short tandem repeats (STRs) in Mycobacterium leprae. To substantiate polymorphic loci from STR as promising candidates for molecular typing tools in leprosy epidemiology, 44 STR loci including 33 microsatellites and 11 minisatellites were investigated among 27 laboratory strains by sequencing PCR products. Not all STRs were necessarily polymorphic. Thirty-two out of the 44 loci were polymorphic. Nine polymorphic loci were suitable for identifying genotypes according to the discriminatory capacity, stability, and reproducibility. All the strains were classified into independent genotypes by the selected nine loci. Three multi-case households were subjected to molecular typing. M. leprae obtained from household cases showed identical copy numbers by TTC triplet alone, but the isolates from one family contact case were divided into different genotypes by adding eight other polymorphic loci. The combination of information from multiple loci allows increasing levels of discrimination and it is likely that the generation and documentation of data will result in the choice of a potential molecular typing tool for leprosy epidemiology. (AU). Descritores: Técnica de Tipagem Bacteriana/* DNA Bacteriano/AN Pé/MI Marcadores Genéticos/*GE Hanseníase/EP/MI Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C Camundongos Nus Repetições de Microssatélites/GE Repetições Mini-Satélites/GE Mycobacterium leprae/*CL/*GE Análise de Sequência de DNA Sequências Repetidas em Tandem/*GE Variação (Genética)/* Limites: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Camundongos Humanos Animais Localização: BR191.1; 09342/s

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Id: 23189 Autor: Young, Saroj K; Taylor, G. Michael; Jain, Suman; Suneetha, Lavanya M; Suneetha, Sujai; Lockwood, Diana N. J; Young, Douglas B Título: Microsatellite mapping of Mycobacterium leprae populations in infected humans ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; Nov. 2004. 6 p. ilus, mapas, tab. Resumo: To investigate genetic diversity in a bacterial population, we measured the copy numbers of simple sequence repeats, or microsatellites, in Mycobacterium leprae from patients living in and around Hyderabad, India. Three microsatellite loci containing trinucleotide or dinucleotide repeats were amplified from infected tissues, and the copy numbers were established by sequence analysis. Extensive diversity was observed in a cross-sectional survey of 33 patients, but closely related profiles were found for members of a multicase family likely to share a common transmission source. Sampling of multiple tissues from single individuals demonstrated identical microsatellite profiles in the skin, nasal cavity, and bloodstream but revealed differences at one or more loci for M. leprae present in nerves. Microsatellite mapping of M. leprae represents a useful tool for tracking short transmission chains. Comparison of skin and nerve lesions suggests that the evolution of disease within an individual involves the expansion of multiple distinct subpopulations of M. leprae. (AU). Descritores: Técnica de Tipagem Bacteriana/* Estudos Transversais Família Dosagem de Genes Hanseníase/EP/*MI/*TM Repetições de Microssatélites/*GE Mycobacterium leprae/*CL/*GE Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Especificidade de Espécies Variação (Genética)/* Limites: HUMANO MASCULINO FEMININO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Localização: BR191.1; 09333/s

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Id: 22737 Autor: Williams, Diana L; Oby-Robinson, Sandra; Pittman, TAna L; Scollard, David M Título: Purification of Mycobacterium leprae RNA for gene expression analysis from leprosy biopsy specimens ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 3 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: Gene expression analysis in Mycobacterium leprae, an obligate intracellular pathogen and the etiologic agent of leprosy, has been hampered by the lack of an efficient method to purify RNA from leprosy lesions. Therefore to date, transcripts for only a few genes have been identified. We report the use of a single-tube homogenization/RNA extraction method that produces enough RNA to study the expression of 30 genes from a single skin biopsy specimen of a multibacillary leprosy patient and demonstrate that RNA can be purified after fixation of biopsies in 70% ethanol for up to a year. This represents a major advancement in the ability to study M. leprae gene expression directly from biopsy material and should help to define genes that are associated with intracellular survival of this human pathogen. (AU). Descritores: Biópsia/*MT Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/*MT Triagem Genética/MT Hanseníase/*MI/*PA Mycobacterium leprae/GE/*IP/*ME RNA Bacteriano/*GE/*IP Análise de Sequência de RNA/MT Pele/MI/PA Limites: Humano Localização: BR191.1; 01850/s

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Id: 22696 Autor: Engers, H; Morel, C. M Título: Leprosy ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 2 p. mapas. Descritores: Antituberculosos/TU Predisposição Genética para Doença Hanseníase/*/DI/DT/EP/GE Mycobacterium leprae/GE Organização Mundial da Saúde Limites: Humano Localização: BR191.1; 00252/s

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Id: 22677 Autor: Kim, Se-Kom; Lee, Seong-Beom; Kang, Tae-Jin; Chae, Gue-Tae Título: Detection of gene mutations related with drug resistance in Mycobacterium leprae from leprosy patients using Touch-Down (TD) PCR ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 6 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The lack of methods to identify Mycobacterium leprae with the resistance against multi-drugs quickly and specifically has hindered effective chemotherapy against M. leprae infection. To screen M. leprae with resistance against multi-drugs, the Touch-Down (TD)-PCR has been used in this study. Sequences of the folP, rpoA, B, and gyrA, B genes were analyzed for isolates of M. leprae from leprosy patients in Korea. We amplified designated region of several genes in M. leprae involved in drug resistance and could obtain the PCR products of each gene. The mutations in the particular region of folP, rpoB, and gyrB gene were certified by TD-PCR single-stranded conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing, respectively. (AU). Descritores: DNA Bacteriano Resistência Bacteriana a Múltiplas Drogas Hansenostáticos Hanseníase Mycobacterium leprae Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Polimorfismo (Genética) Polimorfismo Conformacional de Simples Fita Análise de Sequência de DNA Limites: Humano Coréia (geográfico) Mutação Puntual Localização: BR191.1; 09178/s

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Id: 22676 Autor: Mohammad, Hatta Título: Epidemiology of leprosy: molecular, biological, and immunological approach ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 10 p. tab. Resumo: Leprosy is an infectious disease for which humans are considered the only source of infection. The major hindrance in leprosy control and thus in reaching the elimination goal is that numerous leprosy cases remain undetected for a long time. Many of these patients are a continuous source of infection and, and hence perpetuate transmission. The goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to eliminate leprosy as a public problem by the year 2000; that is, to reach as a global prevalence of <1 per 10,000 people. The epidemiological data generated routinely by health services are greatly influenced by their policies and activities. The data do not, however necessarily reflect the true situation in the field. Information on the magnitude of the leprosy problem in any one area is important for the health services with regard to their planning, monitoring and evaluation of leprosy control activities. Our studies have suggested that the high prevalence of antibodies in children may be indicative of the active transmission of M. leprae in their surroundings. The prevalence of these antibodies may also be important for leprosy control programs in order to detect new patients as early as possible and in an effective and sustainable manner. Based on PCR data, it seems that the environment also plays an important role in the transmission of leprosy in endemic areas. The results of our study show that contact with a leprosy patient is the major determinant in the incidence of leprosy and that this concept shows similarities with the "stone-in-the-pond" principle of tuberculosis transmission in concentric circle around patients. (AU). Descritores: Anticorpos Análise por Conglomerados DNA Bacteriano Predisposição Genética para Doença/*GE Geografia Incidência Hanseníase/BL/*EP/TM Mycobacterium leprae/GE/*PY Prevalência Estudos Soroepidemiológicos Limites: Humano Localização: BR191.1; 09176/s

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Id: 19203 Autor: Schröder, Nicolas W. J; Hermann, Corinna; Hamann, Lutz; Göbel, Ulf B; Hartung, Thomas; Schumann, Ralf R Título: High frequency of polymorphism Arg753Gln of the Toll-like receptor-2 gene detected by a novel allele-specific PCR ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 5 p. ilus. Resumo: The recently described family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) plays a major role in innate immunity by mediating inflammatory reactions against a wide array of pathogens. TLR-2 is reported to interact with various bacterial partial structures including lipoproteins, peptidoglycan, and lipoteichoic acid. Two polymorphisms of the TLR-2 gene have recently been described: Arg753Gln, correlated with the incidence of sepsis in a white population, and Arg677Trp, correlated with the incidence of lepromatous leprosy in an Asian population. Both polymorphisms, when inserted into expression vectors encoding for human TLR-2, reduced stimulation of Chinese hamster ovary cells by synthetic lipopeptides. We furthermore developed a rapid and inexpensive method for the detection of both single nucleotide polymorphisms based on restriction fragment length polymorphism. While no individuals carrying the Arg677Trp SNP were identified in a large group of whites, 9.4% of the study population were found to be heterozygous for the Arg753Gln polymorphism. This ratio is significantly higher than previously reported, and therefore detection of this polymorphism among patients may yield important information for the assessment of risk profiles regarding susceptibility to bacterial infections. (AU). Descritores: POLIMORFISMO (GENETICA) POLIMORFISMO (GENETICA)/genet POLIMORFISMO (GENETICA)/imunol Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 09086/s

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Id: 18991 Autor: Hoal, Eileen G Título: Human genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2002. 5 p. . Resumo: The existence of a genetic component in mycobacterial disease susceptibility is no longer in doubt and the investigations now being conducted aim to determine which genes are involved, to what extent, and in which disease phenotype they are relevant. In certain rare instances of susceptibility to poorly pathogenic mycobacteria, the genetic component is clear. The approaches employed to elucidate common disease susceptibility include linkage studies, particularly genome-wide linkage analysis of both tuberculosis and leprosy, and association studies. A number of candidate genes have shown association with tuberculosis, and in many cases, on replication of the study, association has been confirmed in a disparate population, indicating the wider importance of the gene in the disease process. In other instances, associations appear to be particular to a population or a subtype of disease. (AU). Descritores: PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA LIGACAO (GENETICA) GENOTIPO MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS/patogen TUBERCULOSE/epidemiol TUBERCULOSE/genet FENOTIPO Limites: HUMANO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 09058/s

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Id: 18985 Autor: McGill, P. E; Oyoo, G. O Título: Rheumatic disorders in Sub-saharan Africa ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; Apr. 2002. 3 p. . Resumo: OBJECTIVE: To review prevalence of rheumatic disorders in Sub-saharan Africa and in the context of current medical practice in the region assess the need for service and educational provision. DATA SOURCES: Medline, (English, French). Pre-Medline literature review from the 1950's (Current contents). Various conference reports including attendance at all three AFLAR (African League Against Rheumatism) congresses in the 1990's. Author's personal database. All cited references read in full. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence shows rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus to be increasing in frequency in the indigenous populations of East, Central and South Africa but remaining rare in West Africans. Gout is now more prevalent than ever throughout the subcontinent. HIV has spawned a variety of previously rare spondyloarthropathies (reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, enthesopathy) and changed the epidemiology of pyomyositis and osteomyelitis. Osteoarthritis is a universal problem. Juvenile chronic arthritis is not rare and rheumatic fever is common. Acute and chronic locomotor problems associated with diverse entities such as leprosy, brucellosis, meningococcus, alpha viruses, parasites, fluorosis, rickets and haemoglobinopathies enhance diagnostic diversity and therapeutic and educational requirements. Suggestions made to address the challenge posed by the burden of rheumatic disorders. (AU). Descritores: DOENCAS REUMATICAS/epidemiol DOENCAS REUMATICAS/etiol DOENCAS REUMATICAS/terap VIGILÂNCIA DA POPULACAO DETERMINACAO DE NECESSIDADES DE CUIDADOS DE SAUDE GENETICA POPULACIONAL RACA NEGRA/genet AFRICA AO SUL DO SAARA/epidemiol EFEITOS PSICO-SOCIAIS DA DOENCA - PREVALÊNCIA Limites: HUMANO CRIANÇA ADULTO IDOSO Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 09102/s

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Id: 18979 Autor: Kim, Se -Kon; Lee, Seong- Beom; Kang, Tae -Jin; Chae, Gue -Tae Título: Detection of gene mutations related with drug resistance in Mycobacterium leprae from leprosy patients using Touch-Down (TD) PCR ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 6 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The lack of methods to identify Mycobacterium leprae with the resistance against multi-drugs quickly and specifically has hindered effective chemotherapy against M. leprae infection. To screen M. leprae with resistance against multi-drugs, the Touch-Down (TD)-PCR has been used in this study. Sequences of the folP, rpoA, B, and gyrA, B genes were analyzed for isolates of M. leprae from leprosy patients in Korea. We amplified designated region of several genes in M. leprae involved in drug resistance and could obtain the PCR products of each gene. The mutations in the particular region of folP, rpoB, and gyrB gene were certified by TD-PCR single-stranded conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing, respectively. (AU). Descritores: DNA BACTERIANO/quim DNA BACTERIANO/genet Resistência Bacteriana a Múltiplas Drogas/genet COREIA (GEOGRAFICO) HANSENOSTATICOS/farmacol HANSENIASE/quimioter HANSENIASE/microbiol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/genet MUTACAO PUNTUAL REACAO EM CADEIA DA POLIMERASE/métodos POLIMORFISMO (GENETICA) POLIMORFISMO CONFORMACIONAL DE SIMPLES FITA ANALISE DE SEQUÊNCIA DE DNA Limites: HUMANO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 09096/s

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Id: 18937 Autor: Fitness, J; Tosh, K; Hill, A. V. S Título: Genetics of susceptibility to leprosy ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; Dec. 2002. 13 p. tab. Resumo: The ancient disease of leprosy can cause severe disability and disfigurement and is still a major health concern in many parts of the world. Only a subset of those individuals exposed to the pathogen will go on to develop clinical disease and there is a broad clinical spectrum amongst leprosy sufferers. The outcome of infection is in part due to host genes that influence control of the initial infection and the host's immune response to that infection. Identification of the host genes that influence host susceptibility/resistance will enable a greater understanding of disease pathogenesis. In turn, this should facilitate development of more effective therapeutics and vaccines. So far at least a dozen genes have been implicated in leprosy susceptibility and a genome-wide linkage study has lead to the identification of at least one positional candidate. These findings are reviewed here. (AU). Descritores: PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA/genet HANSENIASE/genet HANSENIASE/imunol LIGACAO (GENETICA)/genet LIGACAO (GENETICA)/imunol COMPLEXO PRINCIPAL DE HISTOCOMPATIBILIDADE/genet COMPLEXO PRINCIPAL DE HISTOCOMPATIBILIDADE/imunol Limites: HUMANO ANIMAL Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 09106/s

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Id: 18573 Autor: Mira, Marcelo T; Alcais, Alexandre; Van Thuc, Nguyen; Thai, Vu Hong; Huong, Nguyen Thu; Ba, Nguyen Ngoc; Verner, Andrei; Hudson, Thomas J; Abel, Laurent; Schurr, Erwin Título: Chromosome 6q25 is linked to susceptibility to leprosy in a Vietnamese population ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 4 p. tab, graf. Resumo: Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, affects an estimated 700,000 persons each year. Clinically, leprosy can be categorized as paucibacillary or multibacillary disease. These clinical forms develop in persons that are intrinsically susceptible to leprosy per se, that is, leprosy independent of its specific clinical manifestation. We report here on a genome-wide search for loci controlling susceptibility to leprosy per se in a panel of 86 families including 205 siblings affected with leprosy from Southern Vietnam. Using model-free linkage analysis, we found significant evidence for a susceptibility gene on chromosome region 6q25 (maximum likelihood binomial (MLB) lod score 4.31; P = 5 x 10(-6)). We confirmed this by family-based association analysis in an independent panel of 208 Vietnamese leprosy simplex families. Of seven microsatellite markers underlying the linkage peak, alleles of two markers (D6S1035 and D6S305) showed strong evidence for association with leprosy (P = 6.7 x 10(-4) and P = 5.9 x 10(-5), respectively). (AU). Descritores: ALELOS CROMOSSOMOS HUMANOS PAR 10/genet CROMOSSOMOS HUMANOS PAR 6/genet REPETICOES DE MICROSSATELITES VIETNA HANSENIASE/genet LIGACAO (GENETICA) ESCORE LOD Limites: HUMANO MASCULINO FEMININO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 08992/s

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