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Id: 27209 Autor: Cole, Stewart T. Título: The Mycobacterium leprae genome projest. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):589-591, Dec. 1998. . Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/genet DNA Bacteriano/quim Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27046 Autor: Rafi, Abdolnasser; Donoghue, Helen D; Stanford, John L. Título: Application of Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in Specimens from Treated Leprosy Patients. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;63(1):42-47, 1995. ^btab. Resumo: Resumo: In this study of leprosy patients apparently cured by dapsone monotherapy, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), one of the most reliable and sensitive DNA-based assays, was used for the specific detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA. Sputum and slit-skin samples from 44 such patients at Baba Baghi Leprosy Sanatorium in Iran were examined. Primers for a 530-base-pair fragment of the gene encoding the 36-kDa antigen of M. leprae were used for the study. The PCR results were compared with microscopy for acid-fast bacilli. Of the 44 sputum samples, 2 were positive by PCR (4.5%) and of the 44 slit-skin swabs taken from the same patients, 10 were PCR positive (22.7%). Only one patient was PCR positive for both sputum and slit-skin specimens (2.3%). No positive results were found by acid-fast microscopy. In total, 11 of 44 (25%) patients in this study were found to be PCR positive for M. leprae, and it was thought probable that this indicated the presence of live organisms. Particularly interesting was the statistically significant association of positive results from slit-skin swabs with paucibacillary rather than multibacillary leprosy. It is suggested that whereas relapse or immunological reaction in paucibacillary disease may result from surviving organisms, in multibacillary leprosy this may be due to re-infection. Descritores: Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos DNA/genet Hanseníase/genet Hanseníase/fisiopatol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1995/pdf/v63n1/v63n1a07.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 26991 Autor: Sakai, Tetsuo; Matsuo, Eiichi; Wakizaka, Akira. Título: Complete DNA sequence analysis for 16s ribosomal RNA gene of the leproma-derived, cultivable and nerve-invading mycobacterium HI-75. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;67(1):52-59, Mar., 1999. tab. Resumo: The complete 1493 nucleotide sequence of the 16SrRNA gene of the leproma-derived and cultivable mycobacterium HI-75 strain was analyzed to elucidate the taxonomic characteristics by direct sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. The results revealed that the sequence of mycobacterium HI-75 was mostly similar to that of Mycobacterium scrofulaceum with 5 bases differences in the sequenced 1493 bases (0.35%) of the 16SrRNA gene. M. leprae differed from the strain with 47 bases (3.3%). Sasaki and Hamit reported the nerve-invasive activity of the inoculated mycobacterium HI-75 in nude mice or the 131I-treated immunocompromised Swiss mice. The results indicate that mycobacterium HI-75 could be a mutant of M. scrofulaceum possessing the ability to invade the peripheral nerve in addition to developing leproma-like lesions. (AU)^ien. Descritores: DNA/genet RNA Ribossômico/genet RNA Ribossômico/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/genet Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1999/pdf/v67n1/v67n1a08.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 26755 Autor: Roche, Paul W; Neupane, Kapil Dev; Failbus, Sarah S; Kamath, Arun; Britton, Warwick J. Título: Vaccination with DNA of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis 85B antigen protects mouse foot pad against infection with M. leprae. Fonte: Int. J. Lep;69(2):93-98, Jun., 2001. tab, graf. Resumo: A DNA vaccine composed of the gene for the common mycobacterial secreted protein antigen 85B was demonstrated to protect the mouse foot pad against infection with Mycobacterium leprae. The protective effect was demonstrated by a 61%-88% reduction in the bacterial number, a protective effect less than that of BCG. The same DNA vaccine has been shown to protect mice against M. tuberculosis infection, and the importance of testing other candidate tuberculosis vaccines for their potential to protect against leprosy is discussed.(AU)^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunol DNA/genet DNA/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Humanos Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 26623 Autor: Nomaguchi, Hiroko; Mukai, Tetsu; Takeshita, Fumihiko; Matsuoka, Masanori; Maeda, Yumi; Aye, Tin Maung; Jahan, Nilufar; Yogi, Yasuko; Endo, Masumi; Sato, Yukio; Makino, Masahiko. Título: Effect of hsp65 DNA vaccination carrying immunostimulatory DNA sequences (CpG Motifs) against mycobacterium leprae multiplication in mice. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;70(3):182-190, Sept., 2002. ilus, tab, graf. Resumo: A DNA expressing hsp65 of Mycobacterium leprae (pACB/hsp65) was constructed by using a vector containing immunostimulatory DNA sequences (pACB). At 12 weeks post-immunization, spleen cells from BALB/cA mice immunized with pACB/hsp65, produced a significantly higher amount of IFN-gamma than mice immunized with pACB in the absence of any in vitro stimulation, and further enhanced its production upon secondary in vitro stimulation with M. leprae lysate and hsp65. On the other hand, while production of IL-12 was observed in mice immunized with pACB/hsp65 12 weeks before, the cytokine production was inhibited by in vitro secondary stimulation with M. leprae or hsp65. At 18 weeks post-immunization, the production of both IFN-gamma and IL-12 was apparently down-regulated, but that of IL-10 was up-regulated. IL-10 seemed to suppress the IFN-gamma and IL-12 productions, because their production was recovered by neutralization of IL-10 with anti-IL-10 mAb. Furthermore, when the efficiency of pACB/hsp65 as a vaccine against M. leprae was evaluated in vivo, the mice immunized with pACB/hsp65 suppressed the multiplication of subsequently challenged M. leprae. These results suggest that a DNA containing M. leprae-derived hsp65 and immunostimulatory sequences might be a potent vaccine candidate against M. leprae infection.(AU)^ien. Descritores: DNA/sint quim DNA/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase/imunol Limites: Animais Camundongos Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/2002/pdf/v70n3/v70n3a03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 26600 Autor: Deps, Patrícia D; Santos, Adalberto R; Yamashita-Tomimori, Jane. Título: Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA by PCR in blood sample from nine-banded armadillo: preliminary results. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;70(1):34-35, Mar.,2002. . Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/citol Mycobacterium leprae/genet DNA/genet Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/2002/pdf/v70n1/v70n1cor01.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 23201 Autor: Patrocinio, Lucas Gomes; Goulart, Isabela Maria Bernardes; Goulart, Luiz Ricardo; Patrocinio, Jose Aantonio; Ferreira, Frederico Rogerio; Fleury, Raul Negrao Título: Detection of Mycobacterium leprae in nasal mucosa biopsies by the polymerase chain reaction ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2005. 6 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: Several discoveries about leprosy indicate that Mycobacterium leprae transmission mainly occurs by inhalation, and the nose is major port of entry and exit. The present study evaluated the clinical application of PCR for detection of M. leprae DNA in nasal mucosa biopsies in untreated leprosy patients (52) and their contacts (99) from the State Reference Center in Sanitary Dermatology and Leprosy, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil. PCR detection of a 372-base pair DNA fragment from M. leprae was accomplished in 36 (69.2%) patients, from which 34 (91.9%) of them were multibacillaries. Furthermore, PCR was positive in 3 (16.7%) of 18 slit-skin smear negative, 4 (25.0%) of 16 skin lesion BI negative, 8 (33.3%) of 24 nasal mucosa BI negative patients, and 10 of 99 contacts (10.1%). The presence of bacilli in 10.1% of the contacts may potentially reflect an occult leprosy, and these patients must be accompanied, followed by a chemoprophylaxy treatment. Considering all PCR results against clinical and BI classification of patients and controls, we have found a sensitivity of 69.2%, a specificity of 89.9%, and an accuracy of 82.8%. It has been demonstrated here through PCR of nasal biopsies that the bacillus invades the mucosa, passing through the nasal inferior turbinate to reach peripheral blood. Therefore, the molecular investigation of invasive nasal biopsies by PCR tests has proven to be useful in defining patients of higher risk of transmission and risk-group contacts, which is an important step to reach the World Health Organization objective towards the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem. (AU). Descritores: Biópsia Brasil/EP DNA Bacteriano/AN Hanseníase/*DI/EP/MI Mycobacterium leprae/GE/*IP Mucosa Nasal/*MI/PA Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/* Fatores de Risco Sensibilidade e Especificidade Limites: Estudo Comparativo Humanos Localização: BR191.1; 09345/s

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Id: 23200 Autor: Kramme, Stefanie; Bretzel, Gisela; Panning, Marcus; Kawuma, Joseph; Drosten, Christian Título: Detection and quantification of Mycobacterium leprae in tissue samples by real-time PCR ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2004. 5 p. tab, graf. Resumo: Real-time PCR technology has improved molecular diagnostics of many pathogens, but no such test is available for Mycobacterium leprae. In this report we describe the establishment and the pre-clinical evaluation of such an assay. The test achieved a theoretical analytical sensitivity limit of 194 M. leprae cells per skin biopsy specimen and facilitated quantification of mycobacteria in tissue over a range of 54-54,000,000 cells per sample. In punch skin biopsies from 39 untreated Ugandan patients with newly diagnosed leprosy, the clinical diagnosis could be confirmed in 88.9% of multibacillary and 33.3% of paucibacillary (microscopically negative) patients. Real-time detection thus did not increase the clinical sensitivity of PCR as compared to conventional protocols, in spite of its evidently high analytical sensitivity. On the other hand, as still no culture system exists for M. leprae, the assay appears to be a robust tool for detection of the bacterium in selected clinical situations, as well as for quantitation in experimental settings. (AU). Descritores: Antígenos de Bactérias/GE Proteínas de Bactérias/GE Biópsia DNA Bacteriano/CH/IP Hanseníase/*DI/MI Dados de Sequência Molecular Mycobacterium leprae/GE/*IP Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/*MT Sensibilidade e Especificidade Alinhamento de Sequência Análise de Sequência de DNA Pele/MI Uganda Limites: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Humanos Localização: BR191.1; 09344/s

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Id: 23198 Autor: Zhang, Liangfen; Budiawan, Teky; Matsuoka, Masanori Título: Diversity of potential short tandem repeats in Mycobacterium leprae and application for molecular typing ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; Oct. 2005. 9 p. tab. Resumo: A recent advance in molecular typing for tracing the transmission of leprosy is the discovery of short tandem repeats (STRs) in Mycobacterium leprae. To substantiate polymorphic loci from STR as promising candidates for molecular typing tools in leprosy epidemiology, 44 STR loci including 33 microsatellites and 11 minisatellites were investigated among 27 laboratory strains by sequencing PCR products. Not all STRs were necessarily polymorphic. Thirty-two out of the 44 loci were polymorphic. Nine polymorphic loci were suitable for identifying genotypes according to the discriminatory capacity, stability, and reproducibility. All the strains were classified into independent genotypes by the selected nine loci. Three multi-case households were subjected to molecular typing. M. leprae obtained from household cases showed identical copy numbers by TTC triplet alone, but the isolates from one family contact case were divided into different genotypes by adding eight other polymorphic loci. The combination of information from multiple loci allows increasing levels of discrimination and it is likely that the generation and documentation of data will result in the choice of a potential molecular typing tool for leprosy epidemiology. (AU). Descritores: Técnica de Tipagem Bacteriana/* DNA Bacteriano/AN Pé/MI Marcadores Genéticos/*GE Hanseníase/EP/MI Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C Camundongos Nus Repetições de Microssatélites/GE Repetições Mini-Satélites/GE Mycobacterium leprae/*CL/*GE Análise de Sequência de DNA Sequências Repetidas em Tandem/*GE Variação (Genética)/* Limites: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Camundongos Humanos Animais Localização: BR191.1; 09342/s

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Id: 23195 Autor: Honore, N Título: Le genome de Mycobacterium leprae: de l'analyse de la sequence aux enjeux therapeutiques The Mycobacterium leprae genome: from sequence analysis to therapeutic implications- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2002. 7 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The genome of Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy, was analyzed by rapid sequencing of cosmids and plasmids prepared from DNA isolated from one patient's strain. Results showed that the bacillus possesses a single circular chromosome that differs from other known mycobacterium chromosomes with regard to size (3.2 Mb) and G + C content (57.8%). Computer analysis demonstrated that only half of the sequence contains protein-coding genes. The other half contains pseudogenes and non-coding sequences. These findings indicate that M. leprae has undergone a major reductive evolution leaving a minimal set of functional genes for survival. Study of the coding region of the sequence provides evidence accounting for the particular pathogenic properties of M. leprae which is an obligate intracellular parasite. Disappearance of numerous enzymatic pathways in comparison with M. tuberculosis, an intracellular pathogen comparable to M. leprae, could explain the differences observed between the two organisms. Genomic analysis of the leprosy bacillus also provided insight into the molecular basis for resistance to various antibiotics and allowed identification of several potential targets for new drug treatments. (AU). Descritores: Cromossomos Bacterianos/*GE Cosmídeos/GE DNA Bacteriano/*AN Genoma Hanseníase/DT/*PP Mycobacterium leprae/*GE/*PY/PH Plasmídeos Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Análise de Sequência de DNA/* Limites: Humanos Localização: BR191.1; 09339/s

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Id: 22734 Autor: Montiel, Rafael; Gacia, Carlos; Canadas, Maria P; Isidro, Albert; Guijo, Jose M; Malgosa, Assumpcio Título: DNA sequences of Mycobacterium leprae recovered from ancient bones ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 2 p. . Descritores: Osso e Ossos/*MI DNA Bacteriano/*AN Sequências Repetitivas Dispersas Hanseníase/*HI/MI Mycobacterium leprae/*GE/*IP Paleopatologia/MT Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Mapeamento por Restrição Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico Espanha Limites: Adulto História da Medicina Medieval Humano Localização: BR191.1; 01905/s

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Id: 22730 Autor: Beyene, D; Aseffa, A; Harboe, M; Kidane, D; MacDonald, M; Klatser, P. R; Bjune, G. A; Smith, W. C. S Título: Nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in healthy individuals in Lega Robi village, Ethiopia ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 8 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The number of registered leprosy patients world-wide has decreased dramatically after extensive application of WHO recommended Multiple Drug Therapy (MDT). The annual number of new cases has, however, been almost unchanged in several populations, indicating that the infection is still present at community level. Nasal carriage of Mycobacterium leprae DNA was studied in Lega Robi village in Ethiopia. MDT had been applied for more than ten years, and 718 residents over 5 years old were eligible for the study. During the first survey nasal swab samples were collected from 664 (92.5%) individuals. The results of a Peptide Nucleic Acid-ELISA test for M. leprae DNA interpreted by stringent statistical criteria were available for 589 (88.7%) subjects. Thirty-five (5.9%) individuals without clinical signs of leprosy were positive for M. leprae DNA. Seven PCR positive individuals lived in a household where one or two other members were also positive for M. leprae DNA. During a second survey 8 (46%) of 175 interpretable PNA-ELISA tests were positive. Of 137 individuals tested twice, only two were positive on both occasions whereas 10 were PCR positive only once. The study confirms the widespread distribution of M. leprae DNA in healthy individuals. The feasibility of curbing possible transmission of subclinical infection needs further consideration. (AU). Descritores: DNA Bacteriano/*AN ELISA Etiópia/EP Mycobacterium leprae/*IP Nariz/*MI Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Hanseníase/*EP/TM Limites: Adolescente Adulto Idoso Portador/*EP/MI Criança Feminino Humano Masculino Meia-Idade Localização: BR191.1. 1946/s

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Id: 22687 Autor: Moraes, M. O; Sarno, E. N; Almeida, A. S; Saraiva, B. C. C; Nery, J. A. C; Martins, R. C. L; Sampaio, E. P Título: Cytokine mRNA expression in leprosy; a possible role for interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 in reaction (RR and ENL) ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 1999. 9 p. tab, graf, ilus. Resumo: Leprosy patients during the natural course of the disease may develop reactional episodes, namely reversal reaction (RR) and erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). Immunological events described as occurring during RR indicate up-regulation of the immune response, whereas in ENL the events are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to analyse the in vivo pattern of cytokine gene expression in the reactional states of leprosy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC, n = 14) and tissue samples (n = 17) obtained from patients with ENL and RR were obtained and assayed by RT-PCR. PBMC obtained from unreactional patients (n = 15) and normal individuals (n = 5) were also assessed. Expression of interferon (IFN)gamma, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-2Rp55, perforin and IL-1beta mRNA in PBMC were detected mostly in ENL/RR patients, but not in unreactional patients. Likewise, cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and TNFbeta were also present in reactional and tuberculoid patients as opposed to lepromatous leprosy (BL/LL). Interestingly, the majority of ENL/RR patients showed messages for IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and TNFalpha in the skin. IFNgamma was detected in 84.6% (ENL) and 100% (RR) of the patients, whereas IL-4 was detected only in few individuals (38.5 and 25%, respectively). Although mRNA expression and protein levels may be different, the data reported in this study suggest a cytokine mRNA profile that seems to be indistinguishable for RR and ENL. In addition, it shows up-regulation of immuno-inflammatory cytokines in the blood and tissue of the same patient examined before and during reaction. Furthermore, it is suggested that this pattern of response results from an immunological reactivation that might lead to an acute inflammatory response in both reactional episodes. (AU). Descritores: Sequência de Bases Estudos de Casos e Controles Citocinas/*GE Primers do DNA/GE Expressão Gênica Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos-Macrófagos/GE Interferon Tipo II/*GE Interleucina-12/*GE Hanseníase/*GE/*IM Glicoproteínas de Membrana/GE Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase RNA Mensageiro/BL/*GE/*ME Limites: Humano Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Localização: BR191.1; 09183/s

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Id: 22686 Autor: Osaki, Mitsuhiko; Adachi, Hironobu; Gomyo, Yoshihito; Yoshida, Haruhiko; Ito, Hisao Título: Detection of mycobacterial DNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens by duplex polymerase chain reaction: application to histopathologic diagnosis ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 1997. 6 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: Granuloma is a chronic inflammatory process associated with noninfectious agents or infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. Determination of the causative agent might be occasionally difficult in histopathologic sections. In this study, we examined 60 specimens of granuloma or inflammatory lesions that were originally diagnosed as 51 cases of granulomatous inflammation, 6 of leprosy, and 3 of atypical mycobacteriosis. The diagnoses in the last two categories were made both histologically and clinically. All of the sections and DNA were prepared from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings were compared with the results of duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two primers to amplify mycobacterial-common 383-base pair (bp) DNA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-complex-specific 240-bp DNA. Six samples of leprosy and three of atypical mycobacteriosis showed the 383-bp but not the 240-bp band. Among the 51 specimens of granulomatous inflammations, nine showed no band of even the beta-globin, the cases being excluded from this analysis. The 42 specimens of granulomatous inflammation were subdivided into three categories by PCR: (1) 383- and 240-bp positive; (2) 383-bp positive and 240-bp negative; and (3) both negative. Category 1 included 32 specimens (76.2%), being considered as tuberculosis. One specimen was classified into Category 2, indicating possible atypical mycobacterium. Category 3 included nine specimens, composed of five of sarcoidosis and four other agent-induced granulomas, when compared with histologic and clinical findings. These findings indicate that the PCR assay using DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded materials provides useful information to differentiate tuberculosis from other type of granulomas. (AU). Descritores: Primers do DNA DNA Bacteriano/*AN Diagnóstico Diferencial Fixadores Formaldeído Granuloma/*DI Micobactérias Atípicas/GE Mycobacterium/*GE Mycobacterium leprae/GE Mycobacterium tuberculosis/GE Inclusão em Parafina Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Tuberculose/*DI Limites: Humano Localização: BR191.1; 09184/s

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Id: 22677 Autor: Kim, Se-Kom; Lee, Seong-Beom; Kang, Tae-Jin; Chae, Gue-Tae Título: Detection of gene mutations related with drug resistance in Mycobacterium leprae from leprosy patients using Touch-Down (TD) PCR ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 6 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The lack of methods to identify Mycobacterium leprae with the resistance against multi-drugs quickly and specifically has hindered effective chemotherapy against M. leprae infection. To screen M. leprae with resistance against multi-drugs, the Touch-Down (TD)-PCR has been used in this study. Sequences of the folP, rpoA, B, and gyrA, B genes were analyzed for isolates of M. leprae from leprosy patients in Korea. We amplified designated region of several genes in M. leprae involved in drug resistance and could obtain the PCR products of each gene. The mutations in the particular region of folP, rpoB, and gyrB gene were certified by TD-PCR single-stranded conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing, respectively. (AU). Descritores: DNA Bacteriano Resistência Bacteriana a Múltiplas Drogas Hansenostáticos Hanseníase Mycobacterium leprae Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Polimorfismo (Genética) Polimorfismo Conformacional de Simples Fita Análise de Sequência de DNA Limites: Humano Coréia (geográfico) Mutação Puntual Localização: BR191.1; 09178/s

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Id: 22676 Autor: Mohammad, Hatta Título: Epidemiology of leprosy: molecular, biological, and immunological approach ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 10 p. tab. Resumo: Leprosy is an infectious disease for which humans are considered the only source of infection. The major hindrance in leprosy control and thus in reaching the elimination goal is that numerous leprosy cases remain undetected for a long time. Many of these patients are a continuous source of infection and, and hence perpetuate transmission. The goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to eliminate leprosy as a public problem by the year 2000; that is, to reach as a global prevalence of <1 per 10,000 people. The epidemiological data generated routinely by health services are greatly influenced by their policies and activities. The data do not, however necessarily reflect the true situation in the field. Information on the magnitude of the leprosy problem in any one area is important for the health services with regard to their planning, monitoring and evaluation of leprosy control activities. Our studies have suggested that the high prevalence of antibodies in children may be indicative of the active transmission of M. leprae in their surroundings. The prevalence of these antibodies may also be important for leprosy control programs in order to detect new patients as early as possible and in an effective and sustainable manner. Based on PCR data, it seems that the environment also plays an important role in the transmission of leprosy in endemic areas. The results of our study show that contact with a leprosy patient is the major determinant in the incidence of leprosy and that this concept shows similarities with the "stone-in-the-pond" principle of tuberculosis transmission in concentric circle around patients. (AU). Descritores: Anticorpos Análise por Conglomerados DNA Bacteriano Predisposição Genética para Doença/*GE Geografia Incidência Hanseníase/BL/*EP/TM Mycobacterium leprae/GE/*PY Prevalência Estudos Soroepidemiológicos Limites: Humano Localização: BR191.1; 09176/s

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Id: 22675 Autor: Qinxue, Wu; Xinyu, Li; Wei, Hou; Tao, Li; Yaoping, Ying; Jinping, Zhang; Xiuling, Cai; Ganyun, Ye Título: A study on PCR for detecting infection with M. leprae ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 1999. 5 p. tab. Resumo: OBJECTIVE: So far, it has not been established a satisfactory method for early diagnosis and studying on epidemiology for leprosy, we want to develop a molecular biological method for solving this point. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the M. leprae gene coding groEL, 65 kD and 16S rRNA, three polymerase chain reactions were developed by using Plikaytis', Woods' and Pattyn's procedures. It was optimized that the experimental parameters for each PCR, and a comparative study on practivity among three PCRs was also conducted for practical purpose. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For detecting infection with M. leprae, all of PCRs established by us were highly sensitive and specific, but for practical purpose, the Woods' PCR optimized by us ought to be chosen firstly. (AU). Descritores: Estudo Comparativo Primers do DNA DNA Bacteriano/GE Proteína GroEL/GE Hanseníase/*DI/GE/MI Mycobacterium leprae/*GE Mycobacterium tuberculosis/GE Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/*MT RNA Ribossômico 16S/GE Sensibilidade e Especificidade Limites: Humano Localização: BR191.1; 09175/s

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Id: 18979 Autor: Kim, Se -Kon; Lee, Seong- Beom; Kang, Tae -Jin; Chae, Gue -Tae Título: Detection of gene mutations related with drug resistance in Mycobacterium leprae from leprosy patients using Touch-Down (TD) PCR ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2003. 6 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The lack of methods to identify Mycobacterium leprae with the resistance against multi-drugs quickly and specifically has hindered effective chemotherapy against M. leprae infection. To screen M. leprae with resistance against multi-drugs, the Touch-Down (TD)-PCR has been used in this study. Sequences of the folP, rpoA, B, and gyrA, B genes were analyzed for isolates of M. leprae from leprosy patients in Korea. We amplified designated region of several genes in M. leprae involved in drug resistance and could obtain the PCR products of each gene. The mutations in the particular region of folP, rpoB, and gyrB gene were certified by TD-PCR single-stranded conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing, respectively. (AU). Descritores: DNA BACTERIANO/quim DNA BACTERIANO/genet Resistência Bacteriana a Múltiplas Drogas/genet COREIA (GEOGRAFICO) HANSENOSTATICOS/farmacol HANSENIASE/quimioter HANSENIASE/microbiol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/genet MUTACAO PUNTUAL REACAO EM CADEIA DA POLIMERASE/métodos POLIMORFISMO (GENETICA) POLIMORFISMO CONFORMACIONAL DE SIMPLES FITA ANALISE DE SEQUÊNCIA DE DNA Limites: HUMANO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 09096/s

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Id: 18939 Autor: Honore, N Título: Le genome de Mycobacterium leprae: de l'analyse de la sequence aux enjeux therapeutiques The Mycobacterium leprae genome: from sequence analysis to therapeutic implications- Fonte: s.l; s.n; 2002. 7 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: L'analyse génomique de Mycobacterium leprae, l'agent pathogène de la lèpre, a été réalisée grâce au séquençage à haut débit des cosmides et plasmides préparés à partir de l'ADN d´une souche isolée d'un patient. Elle a montré que ce bacille possède un seul chromosome circulaire, dont la taille (3,2Mb) et la composition en G+C (57,8%) sont réduits par rapport aux austres chromosomes mycobactériens connus. L'analyse informatique de la séquence a mis en évidence que seule la moitié de la séquences est codante. L'autre moitié contient des pseudogènes et des séquences non codantes. Le génome de M. leprae a donc subi une évolution réductive très importante qui ne lui a laissé qu'un set minimun de gènes fonctionnels pour vivre. Les informations déduites de la partie codante de la séquence permettent d'appréhender les propriétés biologiques particulières de cet agent infectieux à développement intra-cellulaire obligatoire. De plus, la disparition de nombreuses voies enzymatiques par rapport à M. tuberculosis, autre pathogène intra-cellulaire en certains points semblable à M. leprae, explique les différences observées entre les deux organismes. Enfin, l'analyse génomique du bacille lépreux permet de comprendre les bases moléculaires de sa résistance à différents antibiotiques et d'identifier des cibles potentielles pour la mise au point de nouveaux traitements. (AU). Descritores: DNA BACTERIANO/anal CROMOSSOMOS BACTERIANOS/genet COSMIDIOS/genet HANSENIASE/quimioter HANSENIASE/fisiopatol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/genet MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/fisiol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/patogen GENOMA PLASMIDEOS ANALISE DE SEQUÊNCIA DE DNA Limites: HUMANO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T RESUMO EM INGLES Localização: BR191.1; 09108/s

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Id: 18589 Autor: Fiallo, Paolo; Clapasson, Andrea; Favre, Anna; Pesce, Carlo Título: Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its endothelial cell receptor KDR in type I leprosy reaction ..- Fonte: s.l; s.n; Feb. 2002. 6 p. ilus, tab. Resumo: The sites of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and of KDR, its endothelial cell receptor, were investigated in leprosy reaction Type 1, or reversal reaction (RR), by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. In comparison with nonreactional leprosy, overexpression of both VEGF and KDR was seen in granuloma cells, especially epithelioid and foreign body-type giant cells, the epithelium and the vascular endothelium of RR specimens. In granuloma cells, hybridization for VEGF was stronger than immunostaining, a finding that may reflect the rapid turnover of VEGF in an immunologically dynamic situation such as RR. In the epidermis, double immunohistochemistry revealed VEGF overexpression in CDla-positive dendritic cells. The VEGF may not only be relevant for hyperpermeability and mononuclear cell differentiation (the key morphologic features in the acute, clinically evident phase of RR), but it could also be implicated in RR onset, when dendritic cells are activated in response to antigen stimulation. (AU). Descritores: PRIMERS DO DNA FATORES DE CRESCIMENTO ENDOTELIAL/metab HANSENIASE DIMORFA/metab HANSENIASE DIMORFA/patol RECEPTORES DOS FATORES DE CRESCIMENTO/metab RECEPTORES MITOGÊNICOS/metab LINFOCINAS/metab RECEPTORES PROTEINA TIROSINA QUINASES/metab IMUNOHISTOQUIMICA HIBRIDIZACAO IN SITU - INCLUSAO EM PARAFINA Limites: HUMANO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T RECEPTORES DE FATOR DE CRESCIMENTO DO ENDOTELIO VASCULAR Meio Eletrônico: - . Localização: BR191.1; 09033/s

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