Database : HANSEN Search on : MALAUI [Subject descriptor] References found : 13 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 13   in format [Detailed]

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Id: 17318 Author: Black, Gillian F; Weir, Rosemari E; Chaguluka, Steven D; Warndorff, David; Crampin, Amelia C; Mwaungulu, Lorren; Sichali, Lifted; Floyd, Sian; Bliss, Lyn; Jarman, Elizabeth; Docovan, Linda; Andersen, Peter; Britton, Warwick; Hewinson, Glyn; Huygen, Kris; Paulsen, Jean; Sing, Mahavir; Prestidge, Ross; Fine, Paul E. M; Dockrell, Hazel M Title: Gama interferon responses induced by a panel of recombinant and purified mycobacterial antigens in healthy, non-Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated Malawian young adults ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2003. 10 p. graf. Abstract: We have previously shown that young adults living in a rural area of northern Malawi showed greater gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) responses to purified protein derivatives (PPD) prepared from environmental mycobacteria than to PPD from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In order to define the mycobacterial species to which individuals living in a rural African population have been exposed and sensitized, we tested T-cell recognition of recombinant and purified antigens from M. tuberculosis (38 kDa, MPT64, and ESAT-6), M. bovis (MPB70), M. bovis BCG (Ag85), and M. leprae (65 kDa, 35 kDa, and 18 kDa) in >600 non-M. bovis BCG-vaccinated young adults in the Karonga District of northern Malawi. IFN-gamma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in day 6 supernatants of diluted whole-blood cultures. The recombinant M. leprae 35-kDa and 18-kDa and purified native M. bovis BCG Ag85 antigens induced the highest percentages of responders, though both leprosy and bovine tuberculosis are now rare in this population. The M. tuberculosis antigens ESAT-6 and MPT64 and the M. bovis antigen MPB70 induced the lowest percentages of responders. One of the subjects subsequently developed extrapulmonary tuberculosis; this individual had a 15-mm-diameter reaction to the Mantoux test and responded to M. tuberculosis PPD, Ag85, MPT64, and ESAT-6 but not to any of the leprosy antigens. We conclude that in this rural African population, exposure to M. tuberculosis or M. bovis is much less frequent than exposure to environmental mycobacteria such as M. avium, which have antigens homologous to the M. leprae 35-kDa and 18-kDa antigens. M. tuberculosis ESAT-6 showed the strongest association with the size of the Mantoux skin test induration, suggesting that among the three M. tuberculosis antigens tested it provided the best indication of exposure to, or infection with, M. tuberculosis. (AU). Descriptors: Antígenos de Bactérias/*IM Vacina BCG/*IM Interferon Tipo II/*BI Hanseníase/EP Malauí/EP Mycobacterium/GE/*IM Mycobacterium bovis/IM Mycobacterium leprae/IM Mycobacterium tuberculosis/IM Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusão/IM Especificidade de Espécies Linfócitos T/IM Teste Tuberculínico Tuberculose/IM Vacinação Limits: Adolescente Adulto Criança Estudo Comparativo Feminino Humano Masculino População Rural Location: BR191.1; 00224/s

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Id: 13482 Author: Ticho, U; Ben Sira, I Title: Ocular leprosy in Malawi ..- Source: s.l; s.n; feb. 1970. 6 p. ilus, tab. Abstract: The ocular condition 8,235 Malawi leprosy patients surveyed; 6.3 per cent were found to suffer from eye lesions and only 0,3 per cent. were blind. The patients are classified into lepromatous, broderline, and tuberculoid groups. in lepromatous patients eye lesions occur in the later stages of the sidease, and in tuberculoid patients at an earlier stage. Lepromatous patients are affected mainly by iridocyclitis and superficial puntacte keratitis. Tuberculoid patients mainly from lagophthalmos and corneal anaesthesia due to nerve palsy. The lw incidence of ocular manifestations is considered to be due in part to the wide use of sulphones; this is especially true in the lepromatous group, in which only 6 per cent. had eye lesions while under dapsone treatmet. In tuberculois patients under current treatment eye manifestations were present in 4i per cent. Steroids are highly effective in controlling hypersensitivity reactions of the uvea.(AU). Descriptors: MALAUI CERATITE/compl UVEITE ANTERIOR/compl OFTALMOPATIAS/etiol CEGUEIRA/etiol DAPSONA/uso terap HANSENIASE/compl HANSENIASE/quimioter HANSENIASE/etiol CORTICOSTEROIDES/uso terap Limits: HUMANO Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 00331/s

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Id: 13437 Author: Fine, P. E; Ponnighaus, J. M; Maine, N; Clarkson, J. A; Bliss, L Title: Protective efficacy of BCG against leprosy in Northern Malawi ..- Source: s.l; s.n; August 30, 1986. 4 p. tab. Abstract: The effectiveness of a BCG vaccination programme in protecting against leprosy was assessed by case-control and cohort analyses of data from the Lepra Evaluation Project in Karonga District, Northern Malawi. Results indicate that BCG provides at least 50% protection against leprosy in this population and that protection is independent of age, sex, schooling status, or location within the project area. Agreement between these findings and those from a controlled trial in Uganda indicates that BCG is sufficiently effective against leprosy in East and Central Africa to be considered an important element of leprosy control in that region.(AU). Descriptors: VACINACAO/métodos MALAUI HANSENIASE/epidemiol HANSENIASE/prev ESTUDOS DE AVALIACAO VACINA BCG/imunol Limits: HUMANO MASCULINO FEMININO RECÉM-NASCIDO LACTENTE PRÉ-ESCOLAR CRIANÇA ADULTO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T ADOLESCENTE Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 01786/s

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Id: 12283 Author: Ngwira, B. M. M; Jabu, C. H; Kanyongoloka, H; Mponda, M; Crampin, A. C; Branson, K; Alexander, N. D. E; Fine, P. E. M Title: Lymphatic filariasis in the Karonga district of northern Malawi: a prevalence survey ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2002. 8 p. tab, mapa, graf. Descriptors: ADOLESCENCIA DISTRIBUIÇAO POR IDADE CRIANÇA DOENÇA CRONICA ELEFANTIASE FILARIAL HIDROCELE HIDROCELE LINFEDEMA LINFEDEMA MALAUI MICROFILARIA PREVALENCIA Limits: ANIMAL Location: BR191.1; 08642/s

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Id: 12277 Author: Fine, P. E. M; Floyd, S; Stanford, J. L; Nkhosa, P; Kasunga, A; Chaguluka, S; Warndorff, D. K; Jenkins, P. A; Yates, M; Ponnighaus, J. M Title: Environmental mycobacteria in northern Malawi: implications for the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2001. 9 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: ADOLESCENCIA DISTRIBUIÇAO POR IDADE ANTIGENOS DE BACTÉRIAS CRIANÇA EXPOSIÇAO AMBIENTAL SEGUIMENTOS INCIDENCIA HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MALAUI MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO QUESTIONARIOS FATORES DE RISCO SAUDE RURAL DISTRIBUIÇAO POR SEXO PELE MICROBIOLOGIA DO SOLO TESTE TUBERCULINICO TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE MICROBIOLOGIA DA AGUA Location: BR191.1; 08629/s

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Id: 11489 Author: Fine, P. E. M; Floyd, S; Stanford, J. L; Nkhosa, P; Kasunga, A; Chaguluka, S; Warndorff, D. K; Jenkins, P. A; Yates, M; Ponnighaus, J. M Title: Environmental mycobacteria in northern Malawi: implications for the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2001. 9 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM INCIDENCIA MALAUI VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO FATORES DE RISCO SAUDE RURAL DISTRIBUIÇAO POR SEXO PELE MICROBIOLOGIA DO SOLO TESTE TUBERCULINICO TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE MICROBIOLOGIA DA AGUA ANTIGENOS DE BACTÉRIAS Location: BR191.1; 08359/s

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Id: 10272 Author: Sterne, Jonathan A. C; Ponnighaus, Jorg M; Fine, Paul E. M; Malema, Simon S Title: Geographic determinants of leprosy in Karonga District, Northern Malawi ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1995. 12 p. mapas, tab. Descriptors: VACINA BCG ESTUDOS DE COORTES INCIDENCIA HANSENIASE MALAUI RAZAO DE DIFERENÇA DENSIDADE DEMOGRAFICA Location: BR191.1; 07167/s

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Id: 10126 Author: Sterne, Jonathan A. C; Fine, Paul E. M; Ponnighaus, Jorg M; Rees, Richard J. W; Chavula, Dominic Title: Delayede-type hypersensitivity to Mycobacterium leprae soluble antigens as a test for infection with the leprosy bacillus ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1998. 9 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: FATORES EPIDEMIOLOGICOS FATORES ETARIOS ADOLESCENCIA ANTIGENOS DE BACTÉRIAS HIPERSENSIBILIDADE TARDIA HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MALAUI MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE RAZAO DE DIFERENÇA FATORES SEXUAIS TESTES CUTANEOS Location: BR191.1; 07067/s

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Id: 10104 Author: Anon Title: Randomised controlled trial of single BCG, repeated BCG, or combined BCG and killed Mycobacterium leprae vaccine for prevention of leprosy and tuberculosis in Malawi ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1996. 8 p. ilus, tab. Descriptors: HANSENIASE MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE PULMONAR ANTIGENOS DE BACTÉRIAS VACINA BCG VACINAS BACTERIANAS MÉTODO DUPLO-CEGO ESQUEMA DE IMUNIZAÇAO MALAUI VACINAS DE PRODUTOS INATIVADOS Location: BR191.1; 07045/s

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Id: 9883 Author: Sterne, J. A; Turner, A. C; Fine, P. E. M; Parry, J. V; Lucas, S. B; Ponnighaus, J. M; Mkandwire, P. K; Nyasulu, S; Warndorff, D. K Title: Testing for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a population in which mycobacterial diseases are endemic ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1995. 4 p. tab. Descriptors: ANTICORPOS ANTIVIRUS ESTUDOS DE CASOS E CONTROLES REAÇOES FALSO-POSITIVAS SERONEGATIVIDADE PARA HIV SOROPOSITIVIDADE PARA HIV HIV-1 HIV-1 HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MALAUI TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE Location: BR191.1; 06794/s

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Id: 9809 Author: Sterne, J. A. C; Fine, P. E. M; Ponnighaus, J. M; Sibanda, F; Munthali, M; Glynn, J. R Title: Does bacille Calmette-Guerin scar size have implications for protection against tuberculosis or leprosy? ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1996. 7 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: HANSENIASE HANSENIASE VACINA BCG CICATRIZ ESTUDOS DE COORTES SEGUIMENTOS INCIDENCIA MALAUI DISTRIBUIÇAO POR IDADE Limits: ADULTO MEIA-IDADE LACTENTE Location: BR191.1; 06739/s

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Id: 9763 Author: Fine, Paul E. M; Sterne, Jonathan A. C; Ponnighaus, Jorg M; Rees, Richard J. W Title: Delayed-type hypersensitivity, mycobacterial vaccines and protective immunity ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1994. 5 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE ANTIGENOS DE BACTÉRIAS VACINA BCG HIPERSENSIBILIDADE TARDIA HIPERSENSIBILIDADE TARDIA HIPERSENSIBILIDADE TARDIA IMUNIDADE CELULAR INCIDENCIA MALAUI PREVALENCIA SENSIBILIDADE E ESPECIFICIDADE TESTES CUTANEOS Location: BR191.1; 06686/s

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Id: 9373 Author: Ponnighaus, J. M; Fine, P. E. M; Sterne, J. A. C; Wilson, R. J; Msosa, E; Gruer, P. J. K; Jenkins, P. A; Lucas, S. B; Liomba, N. G; Bliss, L Title: Efficacy of BCG vaccine against leprosy and tuberculosis in northern Malawi ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1992. 4 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: ADOLESCENCIA VACINA BCG PRÉ-ESCOLAR INCIDENCIA LACTENTE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MALAUI TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE Location: BR191.1; 06427/s

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