Database : HANSEN Search on : POPULACAO [Subject descriptor] References found : 52 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 20   in format [Detailed]

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Id: 17557 Author: Lockwood, Diana N. J; Suneetha, Sujai Title: Leprosy: too complex a disease for a simple elimination paradigm ..- Source: s.l; s.n; Mar. 2005. 6 p. graf. Abstract: Can leprosy be eliminated? This paper considers the question against the background of the WHO programme to eliminate leprosy. In 1991 the World Health Assembly set a target of eliminating leprosy as a public health problem by 2000. Elimination was defined as reaching a prevalence of < 1 case per 10 000 people. The elimination programme has been successful in delivering highly effective antibiotic therapy worldwide. However, despite this advance, new-case detection rates remain stable in countries with the highest rates of endemic leprosy, such as Brazil and India. This suggests that infection has not been adequately controlled by antibiotics alone. Leprosy is perhaps more appropriately classed as a chronic stable disease than as an acute infectious disease responsive to elimination strategies. In many countries activities to control and treat leprosy are being integrated into the general health-care system. This reduces the stigma associated with leprosy. However, leprosy causes long-term immunological complications, disability and deformity. The health-care activities of treating and preventing disabilities need to be provided in an integrated setting. Detecting new cases and monitoring disability caused by leprosy will be a challenge. One solution is to implement long-term surveillance in selected countries with the highest rates of endemic disease so that an accurate estimate of the burden of leprosy can be determined. It is also critical that broad-based research into this challenging disease continues until the problems are truly solved. (AU). Descriptors: Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/*OG Prestação Integrada de Cuidados de Saúde/*OG Hansenostáticos/*TU Hanseníase/DI/EP/*PC Mycobacterium leprae Vigilância da População Prevalência Desenvolvimento de Programas/* Saúde Mundial/* Organização Mundial da Saúde/* Limits: HUMANO Location: BR191.1; 09336/s

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Id: 17549 Author: Boggild, Andrea K; Correia, Jason D; Keystone, Jay S; Kain, Keven C Title: Leprosy in Toronto: an analysis of 184 imported cases ..- Source: s.l; s.n; Jan. 2004. 5 p. tab. Abstract: BACKGROUND: Leprosy is a rare but serious mycobacterial infection. Immigration from areas where the disease is endemic has resulted in the importation of leprosy into countries where it is not endemic and where physicians and health care workers have little or no experience in diagnosis and therapy. In this study we characterized leprosy patients seen in a tropical disease unit that manages most of the reported leprosy cases in Canada. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records of all 184 leprosy patients who were referred to the Tropical Disease Unit at Toronto General Hospital between 1979 and 2002 and abstracted demographic and clinical information. RESULTS: Patients were more likely to be male (122 or 66.3%) and of Indian (44 or 23.9%), Filipino (49 or 26.6%) or Vietnamese (37 or 20.1%) origin. Patients experienced symptoms for a mean of 4.8 years before referral to the Tropical Disease Unit. Most had no family history of leprosy (152/172 or 88.4%). Most patients presented with either borderline tuberculoid (80 or 43.5%) or borderline lepromatous (37 or 20.1%) disease. On average, patients presented with 5.8 skin lesions. Upper- and lower-extremity nerve dysfunction was common at presentation, with up to one-third of patients demonstrating either sensory or motor loss. A significantly greater lag time to presentation was observed in patients who emigrated from low-prevalence regions (p < 0.001). INTERPRETATION: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that is associated with serious morbidity if left untreated. Leprosy is uncommon in developed countries, but it is important for physicians to have a high index of suspicion when a foreign-born patient presents with chronic dermatitis and peripheral nerve involvement. (AU). Descriptors: Análise de Variância Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado Migração Internacional Índia/EH Hanseníase/*EP Ontario/EP Filipinas/EH População Urbana Vietnã/EH Limits: HUMANO MASCULINO FEMININO ADULTO MEIA-IDADE Location: BR191.1; 09327/s

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Id: 17286 Author: Teixeira, Carmen F Title: Promoção e vigilância da saúde no contexto da regionalização da assistência à saúde no SUS Health promotion and surveillance in the context of health care regionalization in the Unified National Health System in Brazil- Source: s.l; s.n; 2002. 10 p. . Abstract: O presente trabalho discute os limites e possibilidades de implementação de práticas de promoção e vigilância da saúde, levando em conta a proposta de regionalização contida na Norma Operacional da Assistência à Saúde (NOAS), adotada pelo Ministério de Saúde em 2001. Caracteriza essa proposta como uma oportunidade para se avançar na construção de sistemas microrregionais que garantam a integralidade da atenção à saúde, de acordo com a capacidade operacional do Sistema Único de Saúde em cada região e Estado do país. Em seguida analisa a contribuição das diversas propostas de mudança nas práticas de saúde para o desenvolvimento da promoção, prevenção de riscos e agravos, e reorientação da assistência individual e coletiva, na medida em que venham a ser incorporadas ao processo de implementação da NOAS nos diversos Estados da Federação. (AU). Descriptors: Prestação de Cuidados de Saúde Política de Saúde Promoção da Saúde Vigilância da População Regionalização Limits: Humano Resumo em Inglês Location: BR191.1; 09182/s

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Id: 13959 Author: McGill, P. E; Oyoo, G. O Title: Rheumatic disorders in Sub-saharan Africa ..- Source: s.l; s.n; Apr. 2002. 3 p. . Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review prevalence of rheumatic disorders in Sub-saharan Africa and in the context of current medical practice in the region assess the need for service and educational provision. DATA SOURCES: Medline, (English, French). Pre-Medline literature review from the 1950's (Current contents). Various conference reports including attendance at all three AFLAR (African League Against Rheumatism) congresses in the 1990's. Author's personal database. All cited references read in full. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence shows rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus to be increasing in frequency in the indigenous populations of East, Central and South Africa but remaining rare in West Africans. Gout is now more prevalent than ever throughout the subcontinent. HIV has spawned a variety of previously rare spondyloarthropathies (reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, enthesopathy) and changed the epidemiology of pyomyositis and osteomyelitis. Osteoarthritis is a universal problem. Juvenile chronic arthritis is not rare and rheumatic fever is common. Acute and chronic locomotor problems associated with diverse entities such as leprosy, brucellosis, meningococcus, alpha viruses, parasites, fluorosis, rickets and haemoglobinopathies enhance diagnostic diversity and therapeutic and educational requirements. Suggestions made to address the challenge posed by the burden of rheumatic disorders. (AU). Descriptors: DOENCAS REUMATICAS/epidemiol DOENCAS REUMATICAS/etiol DOENCAS REUMATICAS/terap VIGILÂNCIA DA POPULACAO DETERMINACAO DE NECESSIDADES DE CUIDADOS DE SAUDE GENETICA POPULACIONAL RACA NEGRA/genet AFRICA AO SUL DO SAARA/epidemiol EFEITOS PSICO-SOCIAIS DA DOENCA - PREVALÊNCIA Limits: HUMANO CRIANÇA ADULTO IDOSO Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 09102/s

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Id: 13896 Author: Mora, Nancy; Pérez, Milagros; Bendiche, María; González, Ángel B; González-Abreu, Elba; Gil, Reinaldo E. Title: Determinación de anticuerpos anti-glicolípido fenólico I en población general de un área endémica de lepra. Source: Fontilles - Revista de Leprología;18(6):587-597, Sep.-Dic. 1992. tab, graf. Abstract: Se estudiaron los niveles de anticuerpos anti-glicolípido fenólico I mediante ensayo inmunoenzimático por el Sistema Ultra Micro Analítico (SUMA), desarrolado en Cuba, en 26806 personas de la población general del municipio de Guantánamo, Cuba. En este municipio las tasas de prevalencia y de detección de casos de lepra fueron 5 y 4 veces mayores respectivamente que las del país en el año del estudio (1988). El 82'6 por ciento de los individuos mostraron valores por debajo del nivel de corte estabelecido, observándose entre los "seropositivos" una disminución de la frecuencia de acuerdo al aumento de la edad y una elevación en el sexo femenino. Se pudo precisar que 828 individuos "seropositivos" tenían contacto conocido con enfermos de lepra y que entre los que presentaron los valores más altos, la proporción de intradomiciliarios fue significativamente mayor que la de los extradomiciliares, lo que podría estar asociado con una exposición más intensa al M. leprae y con el reconocido mayor riego de enfermar que presentan los primeros. El examen de los "seropositivos" ha conducido, hasta el momento de la redación de este trabajo, al diagnóstico de 12 casos nuevos de lepra, de los cuales en 7 se comprobó la presencia de bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes en la baciloscopía, por lo que constituían fuentes de infección en la comunidad. (AU). Descriptors: GLICOLIPIDIOS POPULACAO HANSENIASE/etnol Location: BR191.1

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Id: 13625 Author: Antunes, Abílio; Nina, Jaime; David, Suzana Title: Serological screening for tuberculosis in the community: an evaluation of the Mycodot procedure in an African population with high HIV-2 prevalence (Republic of Guinea-Bissau) ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2002. 5 p. tab. Abstract: The immuno-dot-blot assay MycoDot, which detects lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antibodies, was evaluated for the serological diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis in patients in a rural community in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau. Sera from 269 adults (age > 15) and 33 children (age < 5) were assayed for antibodies in a blind manner and the results compared to the clinical status of tuberculosis. The assay had a specificity and a sensitivity of 92.4 per cent and 63.0 per cent respectively, when applied to the adult population. In HIV-2 infected individuals (27/269), the specificity and sensitivity of the assay were similar, 94.7 per cent and 62.5 per cent respectively. The assay did not provide high sensitivity for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in children. Sera from patients with leprosy cross-reacted with the antigen of the assay. It is concluded that this easily performed assay may be useful for the presumptive diagnosis of tuberculosis in adult populations in rural areas of developing countries where routine screening is not readily available. (AU). Descriptors: ANTICORPOS ANTIBACTERIAS/sangue GUINE BISSAU INFECCOES POR HIV/compl HIV-2 IMMUNOBLOTTING/métodos LIPOPOLISSACARIDIOS/uso diag POPULACAO RURAL MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS/isol SENSIBILIDADE E ESPECIFICIDADE TUBERCULOSE/compl TUBERCULOSE/diag TUBERCULOSE/patol TUBERCULOSE/virol Limits: ESTUDO COMPARATIVO HUMANO PRÉ-ESCOLAR CRIANÇA ADULTO SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T ADOLESCENTE Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 09016/s

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Id: 13622 Author: Hegazy, Aly A; Abdel-Hamid, Ibrahim A; Ahmed, El-Shahat F; Hammad, Sabry M; Hawas, Samia A Title: Leprosy in a high-prevalence Egyptian village: epidemiology and risk factors ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2002. 6 p. ilus, tab. Abstract: BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of leprosy in rural Egypt is unknown. This prospective household survey was conducted in a high-prevalence Egyptian village in order to explore the epidemiologic characteristics of the disease and to determine the possible socioeconomic and HLA genotype risk factors. METHODS: The subjects of the study were the residents of Kafr-Tambul village in the Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. There were 10,503 inhabitants of the village, of whom 9643 (91.8 per cent) had a complete visual skin examination, and suspected leprosy patients were subjected to histopathological examination and slit skin smears. Each household was interviewed to record personal data on family members, family size, education, occupation, crowding index at sleep, social score and source of water supply. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genotypes were analyzed in all leprosy patients and in a number of both household (N = 124) and non-household (N = 30) contacts. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of clinical leprosy in the village studied was 24.9/10,000 (95 per cent CI = 16.3-37.6). Individuals above the age of 40 years were 4 times more likely to develop leprosy (OR = 4, P= 0.01). The degree of education, crowding index at sleep, social score and source of water supply were found to be unlikely to increase the risk of leprosy (P > 0.05). The frequencies of HLA-DR2 and -DQ1 were significantly associated with leprosy (OR = 3.33 and 5.4; CI = 0.95-12.07 and 1.08-30.19, respectively, all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the first picture of the epidemiology of leprosy in a high-prevalence village in rural Egypt. Leprosy detection campaigns should be initiated and directed towards high-prevalence villages. Provision of leprosy control activities in rural health units is necessary in order to detect new cases. The risk for leprosy is associated with HLA-DR2 and -DQ1 markers, and these markers appear to increase personal susceptibility to leprosy in this village. (AU). Descriptors: FATORES ETARIOS EGITO/epidemiol PREDISPOSICAO GENETICA PARA DOENÇA/genet GENOTIPO ANTIGENOS HLA/genet LEVANTAMENTOS EPIDEMIOLOGICOS HANSENIASE/epidemiol HANSENIASE/etiol HANSENIASE/genet PREVALÊNCIA ESTUDOS PROSPECTIVOS FATORES DE RISCO POPULACAO RURAL/estatíst FATORES SOCIOECONÔMICOS Limits: HUMANO MASCULINO FEMININO ADULTO MEIA-IDADE SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 09012/s

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Id: 13344 Author: Merlin, M; Carme, B; Laigret, J Title: Impact de la modification profonde des structures d'une société sur l'évolution d'une maladie endémique: la lèpre en Polynésie Française Impact of a profound change in the structure of a society on the evolution of an endemic disease: leprosy in French Polynesia- Source: s.l; s.n; Sep.-Oct. 1976. 12 p. tab, graf. Abstract: In French Polynesia the cases of leprosy are individually severe but the endemy itself always stood in low limits. The intensive use of modern treatments since 1950 have been making the eredication reasonably possible in the future. However the brutal demographic increase, the deep upsetting of the society and the important migrations made propitious conditions in the urbanized area for the advent of a new centre of infection. The result seems to be an increase of leprosy in the territory.(AU). Descriptors: MIGRACAO INTERNACIONAL RENDA POLINESIA DENSIDADE DEMOGRAFICA POPULACAO URBANA HANSENIASE/epidemiol HANSENIASE/prev Limits: HUMANO RESUMO EM INGLES Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 01863/s

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Id: 13244 Author: Chaudhary, R. C Title: A clinico social study of leprosy cases in a rural population of Rajasthan ..- Source: s.l; s.n; apr. 1981. 7 p. tab. Abstract: A community survey was carried out in the area of a Primary Health Centre in Western Rajasthan to know the prevalence rate. A prevalence rate of 0.5 per thousand was found. Most of the cases were above 40 years and only 22.6% gave the history of contact with other members of the family. Most of the cases had tuberculoid (N) leprosy showing maculoanesthetic patches over upper and lower extremities. Face was involved in 9 cases and 3 cases had lost their toes...(AU). Descriptors: LEVANTAMENTOS EPIDEMIOLOGICOS INDIA HANSENIASE/epidemiol HANSENIASE/transm POPULACAO RURAL Limits: HUMANO MASCULINO FEMININO ADULTO MEIA-IDADE Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 00675/s

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Id: 12277 Author: Fine, P. E. M; Floyd, S; Stanford, J. L; Nkhosa, P; Kasunga, A; Chaguluka, S; Warndorff, D. K; Jenkins, P. A; Yates, M; Ponnighaus, J. M Title: Environmental mycobacteria in northern Malawi: implications for the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2001. 9 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: ADOLESCENCIA DISTRIBUIÇAO POR IDADE ANTIGENOS DE BACTÉRIAS CRIANÇA EXPOSIÇAO AMBIENTAL SEGUIMENTOS INCIDENCIA HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MALAUI MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO QUESTIONARIOS FATORES DE RISCO SAUDE RURAL DISTRIBUIÇAO POR SEXO PELE MICROBIOLOGIA DO SOLO TESTE TUBERCULINICO TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE MICROBIOLOGIA DA AGUA Location: BR191.1; 08629/s

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Id: 12246 Author: Chen, Xiang-Sheng; Li, Wen-Zhong; Jiang, Cheng; Ye, Gan-Yun Title: Leprosy in China: epidemiological trends between 1949 and 1998 ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2001. 7 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: CHINA NOTIFICAÇAO DE DOENÇAS HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO PREVALENCIA Location: BR191.1; 08676/s

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Id: 11954 Author: British Empire Leprosy Relief Association*. Title: Organisation of a campaign against leprosy in a rural area ..- Source: Calcutta; s.n; s.d. 10 p. ilus, mapa. Descriptors: HANSENIASE POPULAÇAO RURAL SAUDE RURAL Location: BR191.1; 0187/f

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Id: 11735 Author: Anon Title: Leprosy- global situation ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2000. 6 p. tab. Descriptors: HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO PREVALENCIA SAUDE MUNDIAL ORGANIZAÇAO MUNDIAL DA SAUDE Location: BR191.1; 07385/s

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Id: 11717 Author: González Ochoa, C. Edilberto; Abreu, Alfredo Title: Vigilancia de la lepra en situaciones de baja prevalencia ..- Source: Washington; s.n; 2001. 11 p. ilus, tab. Descriptors: HANSENIASE VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO PREVALENCIA Limits: HUMANO Location: BR191.1; 07383/s

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Id: 11671 Author: Smith, C. M; Smith, W. C. S Title: Leprosy at the Cutting Edge: 2000 to 2005, and beyond ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2002. 3 p. graf. Descriptors: PROMOÇAO DA SAUDE COOPERAÇAO INTERNACIONAL HANSENIASE HANSENIASE VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO Location: BR191.1; 08528/s

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Id: 11661 Author: Prasad, P. V. S Title: Childhood leprosy in a rural hospital ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1998. 4 p. tab. Descriptors: ADOLESCENCIA CRIANÇA PRÉ-ESCOLAR ESTUDOS TRANSVERSAIS HOSPITAIS RURAIS INCIDENCIA INDIA LACTENTE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE POPULAÇAO RURAL Location: BR191.1; 08538/s

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Id: 11620 Author: Lapa, Tiago; Ximenes, Ricardo; Silva, Nilza Nunes; Souza, Wayner; Albuquerque, Maria de Fátima Militão; Campozana, Gisele Title: Vigilância da hanseníase em Olinda. Brasil, utilizando técnicas de análise espacial Leprosy surveillance in Olinda, Brazil, Using spatial analysis techniques- Source: Rio de Janeiro; s.n; set-out., 2001. 10 p. tab, graf, mapas. Descriptors: HANSENIASE HANSENIASE ANALISE DE VARIANCIA FATORES DE RISCO FATORES SOCIO-ECONOMICOS POPULAÇAO URBANA ANALISE POR CONGLOMERADOS Location: BR191.1; 08443/s; BR191.1; 08685/s

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Id: 11583 Author: Lewallen, Susan; Coutright, Paul Title: Blindness in Africa: present situation and future needs ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2001. 7 p. tab, map. Descriptors: INFECÇOES OPORTUNISTAS RELACIONADAS COM A AIDS AFRICA AO SUL DO SAARA CEGUEIRA CEGUEIRA CATARATA RETINOPATIA DIABÉTICA TRAUMATISMOS OCULARES PREVISOES GLAUCOMA ACESSO AOS SERVIÇOS DE SAUDE HANSENIASE ONCOCERCIASE OCULAR ACEITAÇAO PELO PACIENTE DE CUIDADOS DE SAUDE VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO PREVALENCIA ERROS DE REFRAÇAO TRACOMA DEFICIENCIA DE VITAMINA A DETERMINACAO DE NECESSIDADES DE CUIDADOS DE SAUDE/*/TD Location: BR191.1; 08408/s

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Id: 11506 Author: Anon Title: Global leprosy situation, September 1999 ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1999. 4 p. tab. Descriptors: QUIMIOTERAPIA COMBINADA PRIORIDADES EM SAUDE VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO PREVALENCIA SISTEMA DE REGISTROS RESULTADO DE TRATAMENTO SAUDE MUNDIAL ORGANIZAÇAO MUNDIAL DA SAUDE Location: BR191.1; 08396/s

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Id: 11489 Author: Fine, P. E. M; Floyd, S; Stanford, J. L; Nkhosa, P; Kasunga, A; Chaguluka, S; Warndorff, D. K; Jenkins, P. A; Yates, M; Ponnighaus, J. M Title: Environmental mycobacteria in northern Malawi: implications for the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2001. 9 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: HANSENIASE HANSENIASE HANSENIASE MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM MYCOBACTERIUM INCIDENCIA MALAUI VIGILANCIA DA POPULAÇAO FATORES DE RISCO SAUDE RURAL DISTRIBUIÇAO POR SEXO PELE MICROBIOLOGIA DO SOLO TESTE TUBERCULINICO TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE TUBERCULOSE MICROBIOLOGIA DA AGUA ANTIGENOS DE BACTÉRIAS Location: BR191.1; 08359/s

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